Info For Yous Rex Mansa Musa Of Onetime Mali Empire - 1 Of The Richest Men Who Always Lived

 Mansa Kankan Musa

Mansa Kankan Musa(1312-1337 AD) , ‘The Lion of Mali’ was the tenth mansa, improve known every bit “king of kings” or “emperor”, of the Malian Empire of Republic of Mali West Africa. He became 1 of the most powerful as well as wealthiest leaders of his time. He made Mali’s cite renowned inwards the imaginations of European as well as Islamic countries In the 14^th century.
The wealth he commanded, social customs as well as grandeur of his court, led to the kingdom of Republic of Mali existence internationally revered (Cheney 2004)


He is most noted for his pilgrimage to Mecca which set Republic of Mali on the map, Degraft-Johnson (1998) noted, ‘It was inwards 1324 … that the populace awoke to the splendour as well as grandeur of Mali. There across the African desert, as well as making its agency to Mecca, was a caravan of a size which had never earlier been seen, a caravan consisting of 60,000 men. They were Mansa Musa’s men, as well as Mansa Musa was with them. He was non going to war: he was precisely going to worship at Mecca. The huge caravan included a personal retinue of 12,000 servants, all dressed inwards brocade as well as Western Farsi silk. Mansa Musa himself rode on horseback, as well as straight preceding him were 500 servants, each carrying a staff of gilt weighing close half dozen pounds (500 mitkal). In Egypt, Musa spent hence much coin inwards gilt that he devastated that nation’s economy. For years afterwards Mansa Musa’s visit, ordinary people inwards the streets of Cairo, Mecca, as well as Baghdad talked close this wonderful pilgrimage - a pilgrimage which led to the devaluation of gilt inwards the Middle East for several years.”
Cynthia Crossen wrote inwards her majority ‘The Rich’ ,”You’ve heard close the extraordinary wealth of Bill Gates, J. P. Morgan, as well as the sultan of Brunei, but select you lot heard of Mansa Musa, 1 of the richest men who e'er lived?. He was Neither producer nor inventor, Mansa Musa was an early on broker, greasing the wheels of intercultural trade. He created wealth past times making it possible for others to purchase as well as sell”. Basil Davidson suggested that the rulers of Republic of Mali were “rumoured to select been the wealthiest men on the appear upwards of the earth” (Davidson 1995).


 Mansa Musa presiding over his Kingdom

His pilgrimage planted Republic of Mali inwards men’s minds as well as its riches fired upwards the imagination. In 1339, Republic of Mali appeared on a “Map of the World”. In 1367, precisely about other map of the populace showed a route leading from North Africa through the Atlas Mountains into the Western Sudan. In 1375 a 3rd map of the populace showed a richly attired monarch asset a large gilt nugget inwards the expanse due south of the Sahara. Also, merchandise betwixt Arab Republic of Egypt as well as Republic of Mali flourished (Black History Pages 2008). On his render from Mecca he brought dorsum with him an Standard Arabic library, religious scholars, as well as architects, who helped him gear upwards a regal palace universities, libraries as well as mosques all over his kingdom (Black History Pages 2oo8). For instance the mosque of the University of Sankore was highly distinguished for the teaching of Koranic theology as well as law, also other subjects such every bit astronomy as well as mathematics. Micheal Palin, a BBC programme maker noted In 2002 on his render from Timbuktu reported that the Great Mosque of Timbuktu “has a collection of scientific texts that clearly exhibit the planets circling the sun. They appointment dorsum hundreds of years … It is convincing evidence that the scholars of Timbuktu knew a lot to a greater extent than than their counterparts inwards Europe”. Furthermore he went on to say “In the 15th century inwards Timbuktu, the mathematicians knew close the details of the eclipse, knew things which nosotros had to await for 150, almost 200 years to know inwards Europe when Galileo as well as Copernicus came upwards with these same calculations as well as were given a rattling difficult fourth dimension for it” (Palin 2002).


 Mansa Musa, ruler of the Mali Empire inwards the 14th century, from a 1375 Catalan Atlas of the known world (mapamundi), drawn past times Abraham Cresques of Mallorca. Musa is shown asset a gilt nugget as well as a European-style crown.

 He strengthened Islam as well as promoted education, trade, as well as commerce inwards Mali. Laying the foundations for Walata, Jenne, as well as Timbuktu to acquire the cultural as well as commercial centers of North Africa (Walker 2005). Infact Timbuktu became 1 of the major cultural centers of non alone Africa but of the entire Islamic populace producing Arabic-language dark literature inwards the fifteenth as well as sixteenth centuries. (Walker 2005)


 Mansu Musa on his pilgrimage to Mecca


Mansa Musa ruled for 25 years, bringing prosperity as well as stability to Republic of Mali as well as expanding the empire he inherited. Republic of Mali achieved the apex of its territorial expansion nether Mansa Musa. The Republic of Mali Empire extended from the Atlantic coast inwards the W to Songhai far downwards the Niger curvature to the east: from the tabular array salt mines of Taghaza inwards the due north to the legendary gilt mines of Wangara inwards the south.
In decision He brought stability as well as proficient authorities to Mali, spreading its fame abroad as well as making it genuinely “remarkable both for its extent as well as for its wealth as well as a striking instance of the capacity of dark Africans for political organization” (E.W. Bovill, 1958,The Golden Trade of the Moors). His instance serves every bit inspiration every bit to what Diaspora tin hand today!!

See Map of Mali

Image 6. Mansu Musa’s journey
Isn’t it ironic that mali is at 1 time 1 of the 25 poorest countries inwards the world. At the elevation of its power, Republic of Mali had at to the lowest degree 400 cities, as well as the interior of the Niger Delta was rattling densely populated. Timbuktu rose from obscurity to cracking commercial as well as cultural importance. It became a centre of learning, 1 of the initiatory off centres of Islamic scholarship inwards the world.
References:
Cheny, L, V (1994). The destination of History. Wall street Journal. 10/20/94
Crossen, C. (2001). The Rich as well as How They Got That Way: How the Wealthiest People of All Time—from Genghis Khan to Bill Gates—Made Their Fortunes. Crown Publishing Group
Conrad, D, C. (2005) Empires Of Medieval West Africa: Ghana, Mali, And Songhay (Great Empires of the Past). Facts on file
Davidson, B. (1995) Africa inwards history.
Degraft- Johnson, J,C. African Glory (1998) Black Classic Press.
Palin, M. (2002) Sahara. BBC
Walker, R. (2005) When nosotros Ruled the world. Every Generation Media
Web links:
Black History pages (2008) Mansa Musa. (Black history pages) [Online] available from:http://blackhistorypages.net/pages/mansamusa.php
Walker, R. (2005) Mansa Musa of Republic of Mali (ruled 1312-1337 AD) (When nosotros Ruled the world.) [Online] available from:http://www.whenweruled.com/articles.php?lng=en&pg=22

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Mali was at 1 time a might of to a greater extent than than local or fifty-fifty regional significance. Under Mansa Musa, Republic of Mali ambassadors were established inwards Morocco, Egypt, as well as elsewhere. Mali's working capital missive of the alphabet was visited past times North African as well as Egyptian scholars. On returning from pilgrimage, Musa brought dorsum with him a publish of learned men from Egypt. These settled inwards Republic of Mali as well as Timbuktu. One of them, called as-Saheli, designed novel mosques at Gao as well as Timbuktu, as well as built a palace for the emperor. The fashion of edifice houses inwards brick at 1 time began to last pop amongst wealthy people inwards the cities of the Western Sudan.

From al-Omari, Masalik al Absar fi Mamalik al Amsar, inwards the French version of Gaudefroy-Demombynes (Paris: 1927). Translated past times Basil Davidson, The African Past (1964):

The Empire of Mali

The championship he prefers is that of lord of Mali, the largest of his states; it is the cite past times which he is most known. He is the most of import of the Muslim Negro kings; his Blue Planet is the largest, his regular army the most numerous . . .

Reception at Court

The sultan of this kingdom presides inwards his palace on a cracking balcony telephone telephone bembre where he has a cracking topographic point of ebony that is similar a throne gibe for a large as well as tall person: on either side it is flanked past times elephant tusks turned towards each other. His arms stand upwards close him, existence all of gold, saber, lance, quiver, bow as well as arrows. He wears broad trousers made of close 20 pieces of a form which he lonely may wear. Behind him in that place stand upwards close a score of Turkish or other pages which are bought for him inwards Cairo: 1 of them, at his left, holds a silk umbrella surmounted past times a dome as well as a plane of gold: the plane has the figure of a falcon. His officers are seated inwards a circle close him, inwards 2 rows, 1 to the correct as well as 1 to the left; beyond them sit down the primary commanders of his cavalry. In front end of him in that place is a somebody who never leaves him as well as who is his executioner; also precisely about other who serves every bit intermediary betwixt the sovereign as well as his subjects, as well as who is named the herald. In front end of them again, in that place are drummers. Others trip the low-cal fantastic earlier their sovereign, who enjoys this, as well as brand him laugh. Two banners are spread behind him. Before him they go along saddled as well as bridled horses inwards instance he should wishing to ride.

The Importance of Horses

Arab horses are brought for sale to the kings of this country, who pass considerable sums inwards this way. Their regular army numbers 1 hundred 1000 men of whom in that place are close 10 1000 horse-mounted cavalry . . . the officers of this king, his soldiers as well as his guard have gifts of Blue Planet as well as presents. Some amongst the greatest of them have every bit much every bit l thousand mitqals of gilt a year, also which the Rex provides them with horses as well as clothing. He is much concerned with giving them fine garments as well as making his cities into capitals.

Niani, the working capital missive of the alphabet of all this empire, has long since disappeared. Yet every bit belatedly every bit the sixteenth century, the Moroccan traveller Leo Africanus (Hassan ibn Muhammad al-Wazzan az-Zayyati) could yet depict it every bit a identify of 'six 1000 hearths', as well as its inhabitants every bit 'the most civilized, intelligent as well as respected' of all the peoples of the Western Sudan. The spread of Islam also called for novel methods of rule. Mansa Musa opened courts of police push clitoris for Muslims, amongst the quondam courts of police push clitoris for those who were non Muslims.

(Davidson 1998)

In 1337, Maghan Musa inherited the empire from his manful somebody raise at the elevation of its glory. He reigned for alone iv years earlier existence succeeded past times his uncle Suleyman as well as mansa of the Republic of Mali Empire from 1341 to 1360. 

http://wysinger.homestead.com/mansamusa.html 


The decease of Mansa Kankan Musa is yet highly debated amongst modern historians as well as the Arab scholars who recorded the history of Mali.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BEqqmmY6bLo&feature=player_detailpage 

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