Info For You Lot The Dark Greeks
To deny the African root of Grecian civilization the Eurocentrists laid on Martin Bernal's book: Black Athena. This mass has cypher to exercise with Afrocentrism. In the 2 volumes published thus far, Bernal maintains that Semites from Phoenicia in addition to the Semitic Hyksos speaking rulers of Egypt, took civilization to Greece, non Black Africans.
J.A. Rogers inwards Sex in addition to Race, Parker, Diop in addition to DuBois on the other hand, are Afrocentric scholars. These scholars receive got reviewed the writings of the classical authors, the anthropological, linguistic in addition to historical evidence to arrive at the decision that the ancient Greeks were blacks in addition to that the European Greeks learned the liberal arts in addition to sciences from their "black ancestors" who get-go settled Hellenic Republic in addition to the Egyptians.
Memnon (2nd century, C.E.) & Memnon from the Trojan War
(Memnon was ane of several protégés of the wealthy Athenian human of affairs in addition to philosopher Herodes Atticus. His call was likely inspired past times Memnon, the Ethiopian ally of Troy equally described inwards Homer’s Iliad. Although few details of his life are known, his origins equally a dark African are established past times a surviving portrait head. This, equally good equally his connections with Greek philosophy, attest to the high intellectual condition sometimes achieved past times Africans inwards the ancient Mediterranean world.)
According to the Olympian Creation Myth the earliest groups to appear on populace were the Libyco-Thracians .The Libyans were Proto-Saharans, equally were the original Thracians. Some Thracians were descendants of the Kushite in addition to Egyptian troops established at Trace, past times Sesostris (Thutmose III or Ramses II), when he conquered Asia in addition to Europe.(Diop 1991; Winters 1983a,1984b,1985a)
Many of the so-called Greek myths are inwards reality historical texts which present the ancient lifestyle of the pre-Aryans inwards Hellenic Republic in addition to the transition from Pelasgian matriarchy to Greek-Aryan patriarchy. The term Amazon was often used past times the Aryans to announce matriarchal societies living on the Black Sea. The battle betwixt Thesus in addition to the Amazons, led past times Queen Melanippe, records the conflicts betwixt the ancient Aryan-Greeks in addition to the Libyans settled to a greater extent than or less the Black Sea.
Dr. Lefkowitz (1992) in addition to Snowden (1992,1976) perpetuate the myth that the only blacks inwards ancient Europe were slaves or mercenaries. This is imitation the Greek historical plant brand it clear that many ancient settlers of the Aegean came from Africa , especially the Garamantes in addition to Pelasgians. G. W. Parker wrote that: "I remove non acquire into details concerning the ethnical relations of the Romans, since they, equally good are Mediterranean in addition to are closely related to the same African confederation of races ...[situated inwards Greece]. Aeneas, their mythical founder of Troy. The Aenead, similar the Illiad, in addition to Odyssey in addition to all other of the world's peachy epics, is the poetic storey dealing with African people". The heroes of these tales used long shields, the characteristic shields of the Indo-European speaking Greeks were round.
The Eurocentrists endeavour to bear witness in that place was "considerable cultural in addition to linguistic continuity from the 12th century to the 8 century BC" ,in the Aegean . Yet in that place is no way it tin live proven that Indo-European Greeks receive got ever been inwards Greece. This see on the continuity betwixt the Linear B Greeks in addition to later on Greeks held past times Lefkowitz is disputed past times Hopper who noted that " after all, so much which characterizes Minoan Crete seems wholly alien to later on Greece, despite the efforts of scholars to notice 'continuity' " .
Given the wealth of Afrocentric literature it would seem logical that the Eurocentric "resisters" review these works, in addition to dot out the weaknesses inside these text to bear witness that Afrocen- trism is a "myth" (Lefkowitz 1992). But, instead of doing exactly this, the "resisters" only call text written past times Afrocentric scholars in addition to and so laid on Black Athena, equally if Afrocentrism is based solely on this text.
Dr. Molefi Kete Asante has observed that: " The aim is to opened upwardly [Afrocentric] fields of research in addition to to expand human dialogue to a greater extent than or less questions of social, economic, historical in addition to cultural concern. Everything must live run through the sieve of dubiety until ane hits the bedrock of truth. Our methods, based on the thought of African centeredness, are meant to found a clear pattern of discourse that may live followed past times others". Based on this Definition Black Athena, is non an Afrocentric work. This mass is meant to imply that the Hyksos or Semitic speaking W Asians developed civilization inwards Hellenic Republic non the blacks. This mass because of its lack of African centeredness fails the essay of an Afrocentric work..
Black Athena, is non the Afrocentric Bible on Black Egypt. We dubiety that Cheikh Anta Diop would fifty-fifty handle with most of the thesis of this book. Trigger observed that:
"Although he [Bernal] has acquired an enthusiastic next among
exponents of negritude in addition to occasionally describes some of the Egyptian
Pharaohs equally "black" or "Nubian", he aligns himself non with Anta Diop but with to a greater extent than moderate "Negro intellectuals"...who...do see Arab Republic of Egypt equally essentially African" .
Bernal (1987,1991) believes that the Greeks resulted from a mixture of European in addition to (Semitic speaking) Mediterranean people.
In mass 2 of Black Athena , Bernal outlines his thesis that the "Egyptians" founded Greek civilization. But these "Egyptians" are non blacks, they are Semitic speakers. Bernal (1991) makes it clear that he believes that the civilization of the Aegean was founded past times Semitic speaking Phoenicians, in addition to the Semitic speaking Hyksos Dynasty of Egypt.
Bernal (1991) sees Hyksos invaders equally Hurrian, Semitic, Indo-Iranian speakers. As a final result he believes that the Danaos in addition to Kadmeans or Egyptian founders of Thebes inwards Greece, were the Hyksos. (Bernal 1991, p.495) In general, Bernal (1991) believes that when the Hyksos were driven from Egypt, they settled inwards the Aegean in addition to developed civilization.
Bernal's see of the Hyksos equally the founders of Grecian civilization has cypher to exercise with the function of Afrocentric scholars. The employment with Bernal (1991) is that he believes that the "Pre-Hellenes" or Pelasgian people were Indo-European speakers. This see is non held past times Afrocentric scholars who recognize that the founders of Athens in addition to Attica were blacks. Diop (1974,1991) in addition to Clyde Ahmad Winters (1983b) brand it clear that Blacks came to Hellenic Republic inwards prehistoric times in addition to remarried inwards Hellenic Republic inwards meaning numbers until classical times. Therefore the apparent errors inwards Bernal's Black Athena, should non live seen equally proving that Afrocentric scholars are wrong. These errors only bear witness that Bernal (1991) has failed to bear witness that the Hyksos founded civilization inwards the Aegean.
Afrocentric scholars are defendant of using old in addition to outdated sources. This is truthful of some Afrocentric scholars who receive got written books based on secondary sources. Yet, those Afrocentric scholars such equally DuBois, Diop (1974,1991), J.A. Rogers, Parker (1917,1918), Winters (1983b,1985b,1989a,1989b) usage up-to-date sources to bear witness historical facts almost the African past, fifty-fifty earlier Diop used primary sources to illuminate the African past. These Afrocentric ,scholars of African in addition to African-American root because of their unique grapheme equally a dark people unaware of their specific original African abode receive got non been blinded past times ethnocentrism to expect for the history of blacks inwards ane role of Africa in addition to the world. These scholars receive got sought to illuminate the African past times throughout the world.
For example, Parker (1917,1918) used anthropological, archaeological, historical in addition to classical sources to bear witness that blacks in ane lawsuit lived inwards the Aegean. Parker (1917,1918) used the Greek classics to bear witness that the Pelasgians were of African origin. He also discussed the root stories almost the Pelasgic founders of selected Grecian cities in addition to proved that these men were blacks in addition to non Indo-Europeans. Parker (1917, pp.341-42) also observed that "the peachy Grecian epics are epics of an African people in addition to Helen, the motility of the Trojan war, must henceforth live conceived equally a beautiful brownish pare girl" . These Africans sailed to the Hellenic Republic from North Africa.
Early boat used past times the ancient Pelasgians inwards Greece
Using archaeological evidence in addition to the classical literature C.A. Winters (1983b) explained how the African/Black founders of Grecian civilization originally came from the ancient Sahara. Winters(1983b) makes it clear that these Blacks came to the Aegean inwards 2 waves 1) the Garamantes a Malinke speaking people that similar a shot alive along the Niger river, but formerly lived inwards the Fezzan part of Libya; in addition to 2) the Egyptians, Phoenicians in addition to East Africans who were recorded inwards Greece's history equally the Pelasgians. The Pelasgian civilization has been discussed inwards particular past times Parker (1917,1918).
The Pelasgians founded many cities. The Pelasgian founding of Athens is noted past times Plutarch inwards Theseus 12, in addition to Ovid inwards Metamorphosis vii, 402 ff. According to Herodotus vii.91, the Pelasgians also founded Thebes. Many of these Athenians may receive got introduced the Geometric trend to Hellenic Republic during the so-called Dark Ages (1200- 600 BC).
This is fine Geometric Style slice dating to the "Dark Age" menses of Hellenic Republic note
the broad shoulders depicted on this slice of art.
Winters (1983b) makes it clear that the Garamantes founded the Greek cities of Thrace, Minoan Crete in addition to Attica. The Garamantes were also called Carians past times the Indo-European Greeks.
The Garamantes or Carians originally lived inwards the Fezzan. These Garamante were described past times the Latin classical writers equally dark or nighttime skinned: perusti (Lucan 4.679), furvi (Arnoloius, Adversus Nationes , 6.5) in addition to nigri (Anthologia Latina, 155,no.183).
As a final result of the research of Parker (1917,1918) in addition to Winters (1983b), when Lefkowitz (1992) argues that Socrates could non receive got been dark because he was an Athenian citizen. Because it is her sentiment that the Athenians were non of African root eventhough Greek traditions brand it clear that Pelasgians which were non Indo-European speakers founded this city. As a result, she fails to bear witness Socrates' racial heritage because the Greeks made it clear that the founders of Athens were Pelasgians or Blacks. Moreover, the earliest fine art from Athens known equally the Geometric trend depict African or Black people.
On this Athenean funeral vase (c. 750 BC) the dead and
Those who squall for him inwards this Geometric Style pottery receive got Negroid features
Lefkowitz noted that "Thus , if Socrates in addition to his parents had nighttime pare in addition to other African racial features, some of his contemporaries would receive got been likely to call it...Unless, of course, all the remainder of the Athenians also had African origins; but in addition to so why are they non depicted equally Africans inwards the art? " This query is easily answered. There are numerous Africans depicted inwards Greek art, but rather than acknowledge that some of these blacks were descendants of the Pelasgian in addition to Garamante groups they are all referred equally good equally Ethiopian slaves or mercenaries (Snowden 1976).
The function of Diop (1974,1991), Parker (1917,1918) in addition to Winters (1983b) brand it clear that the Afrocentric give-and-take of the African influence inwards the Aegean is non based solely on the function of Bernal (1987,1991) equally the "resisters" would receive got us believe. Use of Bernal (1991) equally a method to dispute the findings of the Afrocentrists is groundless because his function fails to acknowledge the African root of the Pelasgians.
BLACKS IN THE AEGEAN
The earliest inhabitants of Hellenic Republic in addition to the Aegean Islands were Blacks from ancient Libya, Palestine, in addition to Asia Minor. These Blacks founded Athens, Thebes Thera in addition to Attica. They occupied much of the mainland in addition to all the Aegean Islands. These Blacks are oft depicted inwards the fine art associated with the so-called Dark Ages (1200-600 BC). There are also fine frescos from Thera (Sanorin) Island which illustrate ane of the Agean cities occupied past times these Blacks during the 16th in addition to 15th centuries BC.
This is ane of the Thera Frescos. Note the busy atmosphere
Associated with the Pelasgian cities during the 16th Century BC
Although these people of the Heroic historic menses came from various origins, the Aryan-Greeks called them Pelasgians. According to the Greeks, the get-go human was Pelasgus--ancestor of the Pelasgians. The Pelasgians were a combination of different Black tribes called Achaeans, Cadmeans, Leleges, Carians or Garamantes.
The term Pelasgian was applied to all these pre-Hellenic inhabitants of Greece. R.J. Hopper, in The Early Greeks, noted that "indeed the classical Greeks believed inwards the separate existence of various ethnic elements side past times side, in addition to thought especially of the Pelasgians inwards this connection".
According to tradition, the Pelasgians inhabited Arcadia in addition to many Aegean Islands. These Blacks took their ain writing to Hellenic Republic which was later on used past times the Aryan-Greeks. According to Herodotus quadrigas or four-horse chariots were introduced to Greeks past times the Libyans .
The Aryan-Greeks adopted the linguistic communication of the Pelasgians in addition to Egyptians. The linguistic evidence shows that in that place was a differentiation of Hellenic Republic into East Greek and West Greek. The Black Greeks spoke East Greek (Achaioi or Achaean). West Greek was spoken past times theDorian or Aryan Greeks. The earliest Aryan tribe called Ionians spoke a dialect of East Greek called Aeolic.
Many classical scholars learn the populace that the Greek linguistic communication is alone Indo-European. This see of Greek is wrong.
Dr. Anna Morpurgo Davies, has made it clear that "less than 40% of the words which receive got an Indo-European etymology". According to Dr. Davies, 52.2 % of the Greek damage inwards Chantraine's Dictionnaire Etymologique de la langue Grecque (1968) receive got an unknown etymology. The mixed nature of the Greek linguistic communication results from the early on short town of the Aegean past times Blacks from Africa.
Some of these words are of African origin. Robert K.G. Temple, in The Sirius Mystery, shows that many of the most mutual words of the Greek vocabulary are of Egyptian origin. Diop (1991) has also discussed the Egyptian root for many Greek terms.
GARAMANTES
Some of the get-go African colonists to brand it inwards Hellenic Republic came from Crete. These Cretans were called Garamantes. After the goddess Ker orCar, these people also came to live also known equally the Carians. The Carians spoke a Mande languages.
A Pelasgian boat from Thera
These people unremarkably sailed to the Islands inwards Aegean in addition to the surrounding coast were they established prosperous trading communities.
There is frequent call of the Garamantes of the Fezzan, inwards Classical literature of Hellenic Republic in addition to Rome. The Garamantes were recognized equally a Black tribe. They were known to the Greeks in addition to Romans equally nighttime skinned. In Ptolemy (I.8.5.,p.31) a Garamante slave was described equally having a trunk the color of pitch or wholly black.
Graves (1980) in addition to Leo Frobenius linked the Garamante to the ancient empire of Republic of Ghana (c.300 BC to A.D. 1100). Graves (1980) claims that the term Garamante is the Greek plural for Garama or Garamas. He said that the nowadays Jarama or Jarma are the descendants of the Garamante; in addition to that the Jarama alive close the Niger river.
The Olympian creation myth, equally recorded past times Pindar inwards Fragment , in addition to Apollonius Rhodius, makes it clear that the Garamantes early on colonized Greece. Their descendants were called Carians. The Carians expert apiculture. As inwards Africa the Carians expert matrilineal descent. According to Herodotus , fifty-fifty upwardly until his fourth dimension the Carians took the call of their mother.
Many of the Greek myths are historical text which utter over the transition of Hellenic Republic from an matriarchal guild to a patriarchal Aryan society. The term Amazon was often used past times the Aryans to announce matriarchal societies living on the Black Sea. The battle betwixt Thesus in addition to the Amazons, led past times Queen Melanippe, records the conflicts betwixt the ancient Aryan-Greeks in addition to the Libyco-Nubians settled to a greater extent than or less the Black Sea.
The classical Carians in addition to Egyptians were real close. Having originated inwards the Fertile African Crescent they had similar gods in addition to cultural traditions dating dorsum to the Proto-Saharan period.
The Garamantes founded Attica, where they worked the mines at Laureium. Demeter, the goddess of agriculture in addition to fruitfulness, came from the Fezzan (Libya) past times way of Crete. It was Demeter who took poppy seeds in addition to figs to Europe.
Apollonius Rhodius (.iv.1310) tells us that the goddess Athene was born beside Lake Triton inwards Libya. The goddess Athene, was called Neith past times the Egyptians in addition to Nia past times the Cretans inwards Linear Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 writing. This shows that the Garamantes took this god to Europe inwards add-on to Demeter in addition to Amon (=Ammon ,Amma).
By 3000 BC, the Garamantes has spread their influence to Thrace in addition to early on Hellenic Greece. Hesiod, who was a Kadmean (i.e., of Egyptian descent), inwards Works in addition to Days , said that earlier the Hellenic invasion the Grecian people lived inwards peace in addition to silence in addition to had matriarchal societies. The call Europe comes from Aerope, the immature adult woman of King Catreus, a Cretan. Thucydides observed that:
"The get-go mortal known to us past times tradition equally having
established a navy is Minos. He made himself master
of what is similar a shot called the Hellenic sea, in addition to ruled over
the Cyclades into most of which he sent the get-go colo-
nies, expelling the Carians in addition to appointing his ain sons
as governors; in addition to thus did his best to position downward piracy
in these waters, a necessary pace to secure the revenues
for his ain use".
Thus nosotros regain that many Cretans also settled much of mainland southern Europe.
THE PELASGIANS
The Greeks often called the get-go inhabitants of Hellenic Republic Pelasgians. The Greek writers claimed that Pelasgus, the peachy ancestor of the Pelasgians was the get-go man. The Pelasgians were a combination of various Black tribes which included the Achaeans , Kadmeans, in addition to Leleges. The Garamantes were also often called Pelasgians past times some classical writers. Strabo said "that the Pelasgi, equally indeed the most ancient nation, were diffused through all Greece, in addition to especially with the Aeolians".
The urban substance of Argo was founded past times Phoroneus, the virile mortal raise of Pelasgus, Iasus in addition to Agenor. It was these folks who divided the Peloponnese betwixt them.
Herodotus referred to the Pelasgians equally "venerable ancestors". He said that the get-go Athenians "they were Pelasgi, the later on possessing the province similar a shot designed Hellas". The Pelasgian founding of Athens is also noted past times Plutarch inwards Theseus 12, in addition to Ovid inwards Metamorphosis vii.402ff. According to Herodotus vii.91, the Pelasgians also founded Thebes inwards Europe. Pausanias, noted that "The Arcadians brand call of Pelasgus equally the get-go mortal who existed inwards their country. From this Rex the whole part took the call Pilasgia". Hopper noted that the Pelasgians founded Attica.
The Black immigrants from Canaan were also settled inwards the Aegean at Argolis. They called themselves the "Sons of Abas". Many of the Melampodes later on took role of Argolis away from the Canaanites.
The earliest Greek alphabet was made past times the Pelasgians, it was lost in addition to later on reintroduced past times Kadmus to Boeotia. Another Pelasgian, Evander of Arcadia introduced writing to the Italians. This script was used to brand the get-go 15 characters of the Latin script according to Pliny in addition to Plutarch.
Pelasgians from Thera
Pliny says that ane of the Aegean scripts was created past times an Egyptian named Menos. An Egyptian creation of ane of the early on Greek alphabets is non out of the query because the early on Predynastic Egyptians used the Proto-Saharan script equally did the founders of the 12th Dynasty. Moreover, the Tiles of Rameses II, published past times F. Hitching, in The Mysterious World, are analogous to the early on Greek characters.
EGYPTIANS
The Egyptians established many colonies inwards ancient Europe. The Egyptians called themselves Melampodes or "Blackfeet". The Egyptians were also called Danaans in Greek history. According to Hyainus in Fabula, in addition to Apollonius Rhodius when the Danaans came to Hellenic Republic they were a combination of various African tribes.
When the Danaans came to Hellenic Republic they took away role of Argolis from the Canaanites. The Danaans took the Mysteries of Themoporia in addition to the oracle of Dodona to Greece. This see is supported past times the regain of an inscribed stone inwards the Peloponnese that had Egyptian writing on it dating to the Vth Dynasty of Egypt. Greek traditions speak of Egyptian colonies founded past times Cecrops who settled Atica, Danaus the blood brother of Aegyptus was the founder of Argolis. Danaus is alleged to receive got taught the Greeks agriculture in addition to metallurgy.
MYCENEANS
The ancient Myceneans were Blacks. These ancient people came from Crete, in addition to the Western Sahara. Alain Anselin has shown how many of these Myceneans spoke Dravidian languages especially the Termils of Asia Minor.
The cities of Troy, Mycenae, Tiryns, Thebes in addition to Orochomenos were founded past times the Eteocretans or "Real Minoans", equally opposed to the later on Greco-Cretans. These Eteocretans spoke a Manding language.
Ring made of gilded depicting a Stag hunt (c. 1500BC)
(Note the Afro hairstyle worn past times the Mycenaeans)
Mycenean fine art gives ample evidence of the rich in addition to varied civilisation shared past times the Africans of Mycenae. Africans are depicted inwards hunting in addition to state of war motifs on artifacts recovered from the Shaft Graves at Mycenae.
The best known African artifacts from Mycenae include the "Stag Hunt", "Lion in addition to Spearman Hunt" in addition to the "Siege Scene" depicted on the Silver Rhyton Cup. All of these artifacts appointment to 1500 BC
Achaeans
By 1200 BC, much of the Mycenae civilization was nether the command the Achaeans. The Achaeans later on founded other city-states inwards Greece. After conquering the Mycenaeans, the Achaeans formed the Greek states of Peloponnesus. Their major cities: Mycenae in addition to Tiryns inwards Argolis, in addition to Pylos Messenia were originally founded past times other Pelasgian groups.
Here is a Geometric Style (or Achaean) scene of an
Overturned boat (c. 850 BC) for Athens
Between 1200-800 BC, the Achaeans began to accept command of the Greek mainland , the southern role of the Balkan Peninsula, Crete in addition to numerous islands inwards the Aegean Sea. The Achaeans conquered the Nubian, Egyptian in addition to Phoenician armies at Troy. Some of the troops fighting with the Achaeans were Indo-European speaking people.
ORIGIN OF THE INDO-EUROPEANS
There is disagreement over where the Europeans originated in addition to when they spread across Europe. Dr. M. Gimbutas maintains that Europeans had their root inwards the Pontic steppe province on the due north coast of the Black Sea in addition to began to expand into Europe equally Kurgan nomads after 4000 BC In 1987, Dr. C. Renfrew hypothesized that the Indo-Europeans lived inwards eastern Anatolia in addition to spread into Europe to a greater extent than or less 7000 years agone with the spread of agriculture. Both of these views receive got piddling back upwardly based upon the ancestral civilisation damage used past times the Proto-Indo-European which are predominately of non Indo-European (I-E) origin. After a comparing of the linguistic, agricultural in addition to genetic evidence researchers receive got found piddling back upwardly for both of these theories. Sokal et al, noted that: "If the IEs originated inwards situ past times local differentiation only, in that place should live no meaning partial correlation , since geography should fully explicate the observed genetic in addition to linguistic distances. This was non the case. If the genetics-language correlation were alone due to the spread of populations accompanying the root of
agriculture, in addition to so the origin-of-agriculture model should suffice, or at to the lowest degree in that place should live some number due to root of agriculture. But nosotros saw that origin-of-agriculture distances (OOA) cannot trim back the partial correlations remaining after geography has been held constant."
The genetic evidence supporting the absence of an Indo-European root inwards the Anatolian part is supported past times the historical in addition to archaeological evidence. The due north in addition to eastward of Anatolia was inhabited past times non-Indo-European speakers. It appears that Indo-Europeans did non acquire into Anatolia until sometime betwixt 2000 -1800 BC At this fourth dimension nosotros banker's complaint the appearance of Indo-European (Hittite) names inwards the literary records of the Old Kingdom of Hatti. And at to the lowest degree equally belatedly equally 1900 BC Anatolia was basically even so Hattian.
The commons method of Indo-European in addition to Chinese invasion was two-fold. First, they settles inwards a province inwards modest groups in addition to were partly assimilated. Over a menses of fourth dimension their numbers increased. Once they arrive at a numerical bulk they joined forces with other Indo-European speaking groups to militarily overthrow the original inhabitants inwards a specific expanse in addition to accept political power. Since these communities occupied past times the blacks often saw themselves equally residents of a city-state, they would ignored the defeat of their neighbors. This typified their instant shape of invasion of the countries formerly ruled past times the Proto-Saharans/Kushites/Blacks.
Blacks receive got failed fifty-fifty today to recognize that fifty-fifty though whites are highly nationalistic in addition to engaged inwards numerous fratricidal wars, they volition unify temporarily to defeat non-European people. As a final result inwards representative where the Blacks receive got been politically organized into states or Empires, rather than isolated city-states, the large political units receive got lasted for hundreds of years equally typified past times ancient Egypt, Axum, Republic of Mali in addition to ancient Ghana.
D'iakonov on the other hand, believes that the Indo-Europeans (I-E) homeland was the Balkan-Carpathian region. He has shown that the civilisation damage of the I-E grouping betoken that they made their way across forest-steppe in addition to deciduous forest zones to settle other parts of the world. This see is highly probable.
The see that these people were farmers seem unlikely, since the ideal farming areas inwards Europe were already settled past times the Anu in addition to people from the Fertile African Crescent equally discussed inwards this unit. Instead of existence farmers the I-E people were originally nomads.
The steppes could non receive got been the homeland of the Indo-Europeans because it was heavily occupied past times the Proto-Saharan people until after 1300 B.C.In back upwardly of an early on presence of Indo-European speakers on the steppes many scholars hold that the Andronovo cultures in addition to wheeled vehicles are markers of Indo-European "High" culture.
But this theory has been proven to live unsupportable past times the archeological in addition to linguistic data. The civilizations in addition to economic scheme that characterized "Old Europe" are unusual to the Indo-European civilisation portrayed inwards the Indo-Aryan literature.
Many scholars usage the chariot in addition to horsemanship equally an ethnic mark for the Indo-Europeans. But it tin non live proven that the Equus caballus drawn chariot was an exclusive Indo-European marker. The wheeled vehicles were used inwards Mesopotamia in addition to the Indus Valley earlier the tertiary millennium. The presence of pre-Dynasty in addition to early on Dynasty wheeled toy animals from Arab Republic of Egypt in addition to elsewhere back upwardly the see that the bike was a good known applied scientific discipline to the Kushites earlier the expansion of the Indo Europeans.
This see is farther supported past times the fact that the IE roots for "wheel" number four. Use of a number to signify the "wheel" illustrates that this technological conception must receive got come upwardly from elsewhere in addition to was later on adopted past times the Proto-Indo-Europeans after in that place dispersal.
The Equus caballus tin non live a mark for the Indo-European dispersal either. It would appear that inwards the steppes, the Equus caballus was non intensively used until the Fe age. V.M. Masson believes that Equus caballus domestication in addition to riding developed inwards the 1st millennium BC, on the steppes.
The early on I-E were Kurgan nomadic warriors. Kurgan is a call used past times archeologist for the early on Europeans.The term I-E does non refer to a racial type, because many of the ancient I-E speakers may receive got been dark , given the fact that with the depictions of the People of the Sea on Egyptian monuments their are African people. But today the only I-E people nosotros receive got are Caucasian.
Evolving inwards the Caucasus mountains, the Kurgan folk were pastoralist. They herded cattle, pigs in addition to sheep.
The Kurgans were a real destructive people. They destroyed vast regions of wood across Europe. By the Fourth millennium BC, broad tracts of forests were gone inwards Europe. Upon their see with civilized Africoid communities, the latter were enslaved spell the Kurgans adopted their culture. The Kurgan warriors used these slaves to grow grain.
The Indo-Europeans remained an insignificant grouping until they learned the fine art of metallic working from the Hittites of Asia Minor. This along with natural disasters that took identify to a greater extent than or less the populace after 1600 BC, helped the Kurgans to infiltrate civilized areas inwards the Aegean in addition to Indus Valley.
The Kurgan people are also known equally the Battle Axe/ Corded Ware Folk. By the Third millennium BC, the Kurgan were breeding horses in addition to organized themselves into militarized chiefdoms. The symbol of the warrior bird was the horned helmet mutual to the Sea Folk in addition to later on Vikings. Their mutual weapon was the double axe.
The Kurgan folk inwards modest numbers slow migrated into the centers of civilization, get-go inwards northern Mesopotamia, in addition to so India. By 3500 BC, the Kurgans were invading the Caucasus region. Beginning inwards 3700 B.C., Old European settlements had walls built to a greater extent than or less them to proceed out the Kurgan warriors.
These early on I-E people expert human sacrifice. At the expire of a human his married adult woman was often killed in addition to buried with him.
The Kurgan people mixed with the indigenous Africoid people. Some of them were made slaves past times the warrior elites. If dark communities were to a greater extent than powerful than the Kurgans, they formed an alliance betwixt themselves in addition to conquered weaker groups. Once the Kurgan tribe became stronger it would knock off its old ally.
The People of the Sea began to infiltrate the Aegean expanse after 1200 BC. These people unremarkably wore horn helmets in addition to used circular shields
Pictures of these nomadic warriors are depicted inwards courtyard of Medinet Habu, inwards Egypt. These white Japhetic Philistine folk were relocated inwards Palestine, where 2 hundred years later on they destroyed Sidon in addition to Troy. This Philistine Kurgan ethnic grouping is called Phrs inwards Egyptian documents.
Another grouping of Kurgan tribes took Crete. From bases inwards Crete, they invaded North Africa W of Egypt. These Kurgan tribesmen were called Rebou, past times the Egyptians. This grouping formed the white Libyan population which occupied much of the Delta part of Egypt, earlier the founding of Carthage past times the Phoenicians.
By 1300 BC, the Dorian tribes invaded Hellenic Republic in addition to defeated the Achaeans. The Dorian conquest of Mycenae led to Crete becoming a major pump of Achaean civilization. The Dorians learned the fine art of writing from the Phoenicians.
Among the early on I-E social relations were patriarchal. The hereditary warrior bird controlled the best lands in addition to large slave populations made upwardly mainly of the native Blacks in addition to miserable Indo-European population. The landless people served equally serfs for the ruling bird made upwardly of warriors.
Each Indo-European ethnic grouping was led past times a Basileus. He was military machine commander, estimate in addition to high priest.
In summary the myths , archaeological in addition to historical evidence all betoken that Europe was non the homeland of the White race. It would appear from the evidence that the ancient Greeks were Blacks. Moreover, it is clear that these blacks taught the Europeans civilization in addition to authorities in addition to that these symbols of authorities in addition to civilization tin non live claimed solely equally the holding of Europeans.
The historical, archaeological in addition to linguistic evidence proves that contemporary ancient history text must live re-written to reverberate that the blacks inwards Europe were non exactly slaves, but founders of Grecian civilization.. These novel history text must, for the get-go fourth dimension reverberate of the African role inwards history so that dark children in addition to white children volition know the truth almost history, in addition to non exactly imitation hoods that deny the existence of a native Grecian African role inwards the ascent of ancient Greco-Roman civilization.
These blacks inwards Hellenic Republic exactly similar African-Americans today built the civilisation in addition to civilization of ancient Greece. But their efforts, unfairly receive got been ignored in addition to over looked past times scholars who knew the truth, but hid this truth to validate White World Supremacy.
Kindly read interview with Martin Bernal (1993) on "Black Athena"
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