Info For Yous Ijesha (Ijesa/Ilesa) People: The Ancient Militaristic As Well As Skillful Trading Yoruba People Who Forms The Large Component Of The Yoruba People Inward Brazil As Well As The Caribbeans
The Ijesha (Ijesa)are ancient militaristic, agriculturalists as well as skilful trading Yoruboid-speaking people that shape a sub-ethnic of the larger Yoruba people of West Africa, especially Nigeria as well as Benin. The Ijesa are predominantly from the metropolis as well as surround of Ilesha (Ilesa) as well as the historic Kingdom of Ilesha inwards the same area. Ijesa people forms the largest chunk of sub-Yoruba ethnic grouping that were shipped into slavery inwards Americas as well as the Caribbeans.
Ijesa people celebrating their Iwude Owa Obokun Festival, at Osun State inwards Nigeria. Courtesy Nigerian Festivals
The Ijesha territory is adjoined yesteryear the Ekiti on the east, the Igbomina to the north, the Ife to the south, as well as the Oyo as well as Ibolo to the west. The metropolis of Ilesa was described yesteryear Rev. Williams Howard Clark inwards 1854 as: "For its cleanliness, regularity inwards breath as well as width, as well as the straightness of its streets, the ancient metropolis of Ilesa far surpasses whatever native town I receive got seen inwards dark Africa."
Ijesa women celebrating their Iwude festival at Ilesa inwards Osun State, Nigeria
Ijesa people are said to receive got migrated from Ile Ife, the cradle of Yoruba people, to construct their Ilesaland (which is 1 of the oldest Yorubaland) inwards its present-day location inwards Osun State. According to tradition, Owa Ajibogun or Owa (“King”) who was 1 of the sixteen sons of the deity Oduduwa founded Ilesha. The measure version of tradition amid the Ijesa themselves traces the origin of the Ijesas province to a younger boy of Oduduwa called Obokun (Owa's ancestor), inwards commemoration of an occasion on which he fetched ocean H2O to cure his father's blindness. Obokun so settled inwards what was to run Ijesaland. He found, similar other founding heroes, pre-existing political structures including a confederacy of 5 towns inwards the Obokun area. Obokun himself is so fundamental to the Ijesas that they telephone band themselves Omo Obokun (Children of Obokun).
Samuel Johnson, the non bad Yoruba Historian also averred: "There is also a legend that when the nations began to disperse from Ile Ife as well as members of the Royal Family were appointed kings as well as rulers inwards various places, a immature as well as brave scion of the theatre was appointed the rootage Owa or manlike mortal monarch over the Ijesas, simply he returned to the Alafin as well as complained that his territory was besides small, as well as his subjects few, the sire thereupon ordered a large parcel of sticks to live brought to him, as well as these sticks he converted into human beings for the Owa, inwards monastic enjoin to increase the issue of his subjects. Hence to this twenty-four hr menstruum the Ijesas are oftentimes termed yesteryear their neighbours " Qmo igi " (offspring of sticks !)"
The Ijesha people used to receive got a large territory simply lost about portions of it to their neighbours during various conflicts as well as wars of the nineteenth as well as preceding centuries. The province was ruled yesteryear a monarch bearing the championship of Owa Obokun Adimula of Ijesaland. The province of Ilesa consisted of Ilesa itself as well as a issue of smaller surrounding cities. The people of Oke-Ako, Irele, Omuo-Oke talk a dialect similar to Ijesha.
Some of the pop towns of the Ijesa are Ibokun, Erin Ijesa, Ipetu Jesa, Ijebu Jesa, Esa-Oke, Ipole, Ifewara, Ijeda,Iloko, Iwara, Iperindo, Erinmo, Iwaraja, Idominasi, Ilase, Igangan, Imo, Eti-oni,Iboku, Erin-Ijesa, Ibodi as well as many others.
Ijesa women inwards their traditional costume at a political gathering
The Ijesa are the traders as well as line organisation icons with the Yoruba people; really goodness inwards commerce as well as receive got cutting a niche for themselves every bit the architects of 'Osomaalo' line organisation inwards Nigeria. As described inwards the mass yesteryear Omole (1991) the appellation was originally considered every bit a term of abuse to characterize the aggressive Ijesa cloth traders. The discussion ‘Osomaalo’ is tied to the procedure of debt collection. It way ‘I volition non sit down until I receive got collected my money,’ showing an inflexible conclusion to succeed inwards the human face upwards of all odds. This popular trading method allows customers to pay for goods inwards installments.
Ijesa armed forces prowess is summed upwards inwards this state of war vocal "Ijesha ree arogun yooo..ye so'gbodo fowo kan omo obokun ri a......" "An old Yoruba community, Ilesha was an of import as well as major armed forces centre inwards the campaigns against Ibadan, sixty miles (97 km) west-Southwest inwards the 19th-century Yoruba civil wars. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 leading fellow member of a confederacy known every bit the Ekitiparapo important 'Ekiti together'. This combined forces of the Ijesa as well as Ekiti was formed to struggle for the independence of their people. The town has a memorial to Ogedengbe, an Ijesa warrior-leader who died inwards 1910. Ogedengbe played a vital role during the kiriji state of war of the 19th century, which prevented Ilesa as well as other towns from beingness conquered as well as dominated yesteryear Ibadan as well as other powerful regions.
Ijeshaland is rich inwards GOLD (Largest deposit inwards Nigeria) - Igun, Itagunmodi etc; FELDSPAR - Erin Ijesa, Igangan; MARBLE - Esa Oke, Ijeda, Iloko; TIN ORE - Imesi Ile; KAOLIN - Iperindo; TALC - Ilesa, Iperindo; as well as MICA - Ilesa, Iperindo.
Ijesaland is also the dwelling theatre of the famous as well as beautiful ERIN IJESHA (OLUMIRIN) WATERFALLS, a lavish acrobatic display of nature as well as a proud Tourist Attraction Centre. The Waterfalls has Seven Levels as well as the 7th degree is the peak of the falls, it hosts a short town where many of its inhabitants receive got lived for years such every bit the Fresh Water Prawns. Only few visitors tin give notice climb beyond the minute level. The breeze at the falls is cool as well as refreshing, the H2O flows amid the rocks as well as splashes downwards with non bad strength to the evergreen vegetation that surrounds it. This amazing waterfalls is definitely 1 of the many wonders of the world.
Erin Ijesha or the Olumirin Waterfall located in the Osun province of Nigeria is 1 of natural wonders of the world.
In Ijesaland, in that location are also archeological tourist attraction venues such every bit KIRIJI WAR MUSEUM - Imesi-Ile; AGIRIGIRI SHRINE - Ijebu-jesa; OGUN SHRINE - Ipole; OSUN SHRINE - Iponda; OWA-OBOKUN MILLENNIA PALACE - Ilesa; OBANLA PALACE - Ilesa.
Ijeshas prided themselves enormously on their national dish, pounded yam (iyan), as well as their vehicle registration plate is LES for Ilesha, Osun (Ilesha).
Ilesa is dwelling theatre to the famous Fajuke Family as well as prestigious Ilesa Grammar School, a schoolhouse founded yesteryear Egbe Atunluse Ilesa as well as alma mater to many Nigerians including a quondam Chief Justice of the Federation, Alfa Belgore, a quondam Governor of Lagos State, Alhaji Lateef Jakande, the quondam Vice Chancellor of University of Lagos, Prof Oye Ibidapo Obe, the quondam Vice Chancellor of Obafemi Awolowo University Ile Ife, Prof Omole as well as the electrical current Vice Chancellor of University of Ibadan, Prof Isaac Adewole.
The Ijesas every bit a dominion receive got no distinctive marks ; they are mostly plain-faced ; about families, however, are distinguished yesteryear having on each cheek 5 or half dozen horizontal lines. They are closely drawn, as well as much longer than whatever Oyo mark,
Language
Ijesa people talk a Central Yoruba dialect (Yoruboid language) that belongs to the larger Niger-Congo linguistic communication group. Ijesa dialect is akin to the adjoining Yagba, Igbomina, Ifẹ, Ekiti, Akurẹ, Ẹfọn, as well as Ijẹbu areas that are classified nether Central Yoruba dialects of the larger Yoruboid languages.
History
Ijesa history has a varied accounts based on myth as well as historical accounts. According to the rootage line organisation human relationship yesteryear Samuel Johnson the Ijesa people used to reside inwards Ile Ife prior to the reign of Sango. It is said that Ijesa people were "slaves were purchased as well as located inwards the district of Ibokun ; in that location they were tended every bit cattle, nether the tending of Owaju, as well as from them selections were made from fourth dimension to fourth dimension for sacrificial purposes; thence the term Ijesa from Ije Orisa (the nutrient of the gods)." Johnson (1921) posited farther that "they never offered whatever resistance to this system, thence the saying "Ijesa Omo Owaju ti ife opo iyk " (Ijesas children of Owaju, dependent acre to much sufferings).
I personally believe this detail history accounts for large issue of Ijesa enslaved people of Ilesa getting shipped to slavery inwards South America especially Brazil, as well as the Caribbeans.
Johnson (1921) recounted that "There is also a legend that when the nations began to disperse from Ile Ife as well as members of the Royal Family were appointed kings as well as rulers inwards various places, a immature as well as brave scion of the theatre was appointed the rootage Owa or manlike mortal monarch over the Ijesas, simply that he returned to the alafin as well as complained that his territory was besides small, as well as his subjects few, the sire thereupon ordered a large parcel of sticks to live brought to him, as well as these sticks he converted into human beings for the Owa, inwards monastic enjoin to increase the issue of his subjects. Hence to this twenty-four hr menstruum the Ijesas are oftentimes termed yesteryear their neighbours " Qmo igi " (offspring of sticks !)"
Current historical line organisation human relationship based on Ijesa peoples ain tradition, which does non contradict Samuel Johnson`s line organisation human relationship assert that their direct ancestor was Owa Ajibogun or Owa (“King”) who was 1 of the sixteen sons of the deity Oduduwa. It is said that their nowadays metropolis of Ilesa (Ilesha) inwards Osun State was "founded inwards c.1350 yesteryear Owaluse, a grandson of Ajibogun Ajaka (Ubiquitous Warrior) Owa Obokun Onida Arara, the most accomplished boy of Oduduwa, the progenitor of the Yoruba race of South-Western Nigeria as well as Republic of Benin Republic." Ijesha, every bit a historic town is 1 of the oldest settlements inwards Yorubaland. Other tradition amid the Ijesa themselves also traces the origin of the Ijesas province to a younger boy of Oduduwa called Obokun (Owa's ancestor), inwards commemoration of an occasion on which he fetched ocean H2O to cure his father's blindness. Obokun so settled inwards what was to run Ijesaland. He found, similar other founding heroes, pre-existing political structures including a confederacy of 5 towns inwards the Obokun area. Obokun himself is so fundamental to the Ijesas that they telephone band themselves Omo Obokun (Children of Obokun)
Whatever live the illustration it tin give notice live clearly seen that the ancestors of Ijesa people migrated from Ile ife to their nowadays location inwards Osun State. Ilesha traditions handgrip that the site of Ilesha was already occupied yesteryear scattered settlements of an aboriginal population, the most of import beingness identified with today's Okesa, the long street running west-east along Ilesha's spine, whose leader is regarded every bit the ancestor of Ogedengbe, The Obanla of Ijeshaland.
Ilesha became an of import as well as major Yoruba armed forces centre inwards the campaigns against Ibadan, sixty miles (97 km) west-Southwest inwards the 19th-century Yoruba civil wars. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 leading fellow member of a confederacy known every bit the Ekitiparapo important 'Ekiti together'. This combined forces of the Ijesa as well as Ekiti was formed to struggle for the independence of their people.
In 1817 a long serial of civil wars began inwards the Oyo Empire inwards which hundreds of people died; they lasted until 1893 (when United Kingdom of Great Britain as well as Northern Ireland of Britain as well as Northern Republic of Ireland intervened), yesteryear which fourth dimension the empire had disintegrated completely.
Modern Ilesha is a major collecting signal for the export of cocoa as well as a traditional cultural centre for the Ilesha (Ijesha) branch of the Yoruba people. Palm crude oil as well as kernels, yams, cassava, corn (maize), pumpkins, cotton, as well as kola nuts are collected for the local market. Local industries manufacture nails as well as carpets, as well as the town has a brewery; in that location are also a recording society as well as a publishing firm, as well as the Supreme Oil manufacture at Ilesha. Several prominent quartzite ridges prevarication eastward of Ilesha, as well as gilded mining is an of import activity inwards the area, i.e The Iperindo Gold field.
Ilesha is a classic - though hardly a typical - illustration of that ethnographic celebrity, the Yoruba town: a large, nucleated short town that is the centre of a kingdom as well as itself the primary residence of an overwhelmingly agricultural population. Even when it was largely derelict owing to war, inwards 1886, Ilesha's population was estimated to live betwixt 20,000 as well as 25,000 as well as a figure of upwards to 40,000 may live appropriate for the peak of its growth earlier the sack inwards 1870. Though this is non every bit large every bit the largest Oyo-Yoruba towns of the nineteenth century, its considerable size was non due,as theirs was, to really heavy recent immigration nether the affect of the wars.
It was the recognition of the require for the Ijesa to elevator upwards themselves yesteryear their ain bootstraps that led to the institution of the Ijesa Improvement Society, the rootage modern pan-Ijesa socio-cultural group, inwards 1922. It was at a fourth dimension when the Ijesa non solely had problems with their British colonial overlords simply also with their ain local management nether the Owa Obokun who had since 1914 been constituted into a Sole Native Authority on the model of the Northern Nigeria Emirates, nether the Indirect Rule of System introduced yesteryear Sir Fredrick Lugard. This meant that the Ijesa had to fence non solely with a hostile unusual colonial ability simply with a despotic local management supported yesteryear that unusual colonial power. In this sort of unpleasant political climate, the best assist was self help.
The regulation of self help, which was elevated to a philosophy of activity yesteryear the aggressively individualistic Ijesa inwards the inter-war years, was to assist the socio-economic evolution of Ijesaland as well as to brand the Ijesa really cautious towards, if non totally suspicious of all governments live it local, regional or national inwards the post service state of war as well as pre-independence era. This explains why the few commercial as well as industrial establishments inwards Ijesaland today are owned largely yesteryear the Ijesa themselves. Indeed, with the exception of the recent Federal Government efforts to exploit the gilded deposits at Itagunmodi as well as Igun inwards Atakumosa Local Government area, in that location are virtually no government-sponsored commercial as well as industrial undertakings inwards the whole of Ijesaland."
The Ilesa Monarchs
The province of Ilesa (Ile ti a sa which way a homeland nosotros chose), Traditional Headquarters of Ijesaland as well as the upper-case missive of the alphabet of the rootage Local Council inwards Nigeria (Ijesa/Ekiti Parapo Council) named yesteryear the British Colonial Administrator on 21 June 1900 comprising the nowadays twenty-four hr menstruum Ondo as well as Ekiti States of Nigeria. F POPULATION: 310,000 There are 4 regal houses with which accession to the throne is supposed to live rotated: Biladu, Bilagbayo, Bilaro as well as Bilayirere. Rulers receive got been every bit follows:
Deputy Governor State of Osun, Mrs Titi Laoye-Tomori; Governor, Ogbeni Rauf Aregbesola as well as Owa Obokun of Ijesaland, Oba (Dr.) Gabriel Aromolaran, during the 2013 Iwude-Ijesha Festival, at Ereja Square, Ilesa, State of Osun on Sat 28-12-2013
History of Yoruba people By Samuel Johnson
They resided at Ile Ife, i.e., prior to the reign of Sango. Human sacrifices were mutual inwards those days, as well as inwards monastic enjoin to receive got victims cook to hand, it is said that a issue of slaves were purchased
as well as located inwards the district of Ibokun ; in that location they were tended every bit cattle, nether the tending of Owaju, as well as from them selections were made from fourth dimension to fourth dimension for sacrificial purposes ; thence the term
Ijesa from Ije Orisa (the nutrient of the gods). They are described every bit stumpy, muscular, as well as sheepish-looking, with a marked desire of tidings : they never offered whatever resistance to this system,
thence the saying "Ijesa Omo Owaju ti ife opo iyk " (Ijesas children of Owaju, dependent acre to much sufferings). There is also a legend that when the nations began to disperse from Ile Ife as well as members of the Royal Family were appointed kings as well as rulers inwards various places, a immature as well as brave scion of the theatre was appointed the rootage Owa or manlike mortal monarch over the Ijesas, simply that he returned to the alafin as well as complained that his territory was besides small, as well as his subjects few, the sire thereupon ordered a large parcel of sticks to live brought to him, as well as these sticks he converted into human beings for the Owa, inwards monastic enjoin to increase the issue of his subjects. Hence to this twenty-four hr menstruum the Ijesas are oftentimes termed yesteryear their neighbours " Qmo igi " (offspring of sticks !)
This, of course, is a pure myth invented yesteryear their to a greater extent than wily neighbours to line organisation human relationship for the notorious characteristics of the Ijesas generally, who are every bit proverbially deficient inwards wit every bit they are remarkably distinguished for animate beingness strength.
But 1 fact holds goodness downwards fifty-fifty to our days, viz., that upwards to the recent full abolition of human sacrifice yesteryear the British Government (1893) the Ifes, who, far to a greater extent than than whatever other, were
addicted to the practice, e'er preferred for the role to receive got an Ijesa victim to whatever other ; such sacrifices were considered to a greater extent than acceptable, the victims beingness the " nutrient of the gods."
This preference was the receive of to a greater extent than than 1 threatened rupture betwixt the Ifes as well as their Ijesa allies during the recent sixteen years' war, as well as would sure receive got developed into opened upwards fights, but
for the Ibadan regular army vis-d-vis threatening them both.
The other line organisation human relationship relates chiefly to the nowadays twenty-four hr menstruum Ijesas of Ilesa (the dwelling theatre of the gods) the master copy town. According to this account, they hailed from the Ekitis ; or every bit about would to a greater extent than correctly receive got it, they were the Ijesas from the neighbourhood of Ibokun who rootage migrated to Ipole close Ondo, as well as thence dorsum to Ilesa. It appears that a custom so prevailed of going out hunting for their manlike mortal monarch iii months inwards the year, as well as on 1 such occasion they found game so plentiful inwards the neighbourhood of Ilesa, the chmate really agreeable, the province well-watered, as well as the Ijesas in that location extremely simple, peaceful, as well as unwarhke (probably the remnants as well as descendants of the old sacrificial victims) whilst at dwelling theatre they endured much oppression from their Owa, that they in that location as well as so conceived as well as carried out the watch of settling on the spot at once, making it their home, as well as of reducing into subjection the aboriginal inhabitants.
These objects were easily plenty accomplished ; simply they spared the principal chief, a kindly old gentleman who had an extensive garden plantation. He was called " Oba Ila," i.e., Okra king,
from his Okra plantation, as well as he was placed adjacent inwards rank to the master copy of the marauders. That nickname is continued to the nowadays fourth dimension every bit a championship Oba'la^ as well as is conferred on the most distinguished master copy afterwards the Owa of Ilesa. It would appear so that although the term Ijesa is retained yesteryear the people of that district, as well as those who are ignorant of the origin of the term bring about pride inwards it, yet it is evident that the nowadays inhabitants are non all of them the descendants of the aboriginal settlers, the " nutrient of the gods," simply are largely from the Ekitis yesteryear admixture ; the pure type Ijesas are at 1 time as well as 1 time to a greater extent than met with at Ilesa as well as neighbourhood.
This fact is farther shown yesteryear the desire of homogeneity with the principal chiefs of Ilesa at the nowadays day, for when the town was growing, the settlers did cast nigh for assist ; they sought for
wiser heads to assist them inwards the edifice upwards as well as the direction of their country, e.g., from the Oyos or Yorubas Proper they had the Odgle from Irehe, the Esawe from Ora, the Saloro from Oyo (the ancient city), as well as the Sorundi also from the same metropolis — all these came with a large issue of followers ; from the Ondos, the 'Loro, as well as the Salosi from I jama inwards the Ondo district ; from the
Ekitis, the Arapate from Ara, the Lejoka from Itaje ; as well as lastly, the Ogboni from the white cap chiefs of Lagos, the solely 1 privileged to receive got on his headgear inwards the presence of the Owa. The Owa himself is every bit nosotros receive got seen, a junior fellow member of the regal theatre of Oyo.
It is also said that when the town of Ilesa was to live set out a special messenger was sent to the alafin to inquire for the assist of 1 of the princes to lay out the town on the same innovation every bit the ancient metropolis of Oyo. That prince ruled for about years at Ilesa.
source:https://archive.org/stream/historyofyorubas00john/historyofyorubas00john_djvu.txt
http://www.jpanafrican.com/docs/vol3no5/3.5-3newRhythms.pdf
Ijesa people celebrating their Iwude Owa Obokun Festival, at Osun State inwards Nigeria. Courtesy Nigerian Festivals
The Ijesha territory is adjoined yesteryear the Ekiti on the east, the Igbomina to the north, the Ife to the south, as well as the Oyo as well as Ibolo to the west. The metropolis of Ilesa was described yesteryear Rev. Williams Howard Clark inwards 1854 as: "For its cleanliness, regularity inwards breath as well as width, as well as the straightness of its streets, the ancient metropolis of Ilesa far surpasses whatever native town I receive got seen inwards dark Africa."
Ijesa women celebrating their Iwude festival at Ilesa inwards Osun State, Nigeria
Ijesa people are said to receive got migrated from Ile Ife, the cradle of Yoruba people, to construct their Ilesaland (which is 1 of the oldest Yorubaland) inwards its present-day location inwards Osun State. According to tradition, Owa Ajibogun or Owa (“King”) who was 1 of the sixteen sons of the deity Oduduwa founded Ilesha. The measure version of tradition amid the Ijesa themselves traces the origin of the Ijesas province to a younger boy of Oduduwa called Obokun (Owa's ancestor), inwards commemoration of an occasion on which he fetched ocean H2O to cure his father's blindness. Obokun so settled inwards what was to run Ijesaland. He found, similar other founding heroes, pre-existing political structures including a confederacy of 5 towns inwards the Obokun area. Obokun himself is so fundamental to the Ijesas that they telephone band themselves Omo Obokun (Children of Obokun).
Samuel Johnson, the non bad Yoruba Historian also averred: "There is also a legend that when the nations began to disperse from Ile Ife as well as members of the Royal Family were appointed kings as well as rulers inwards various places, a immature as well as brave scion of the theatre was appointed the rootage Owa or manlike mortal monarch over the Ijesas, simply he returned to the Alafin as well as complained that his territory was besides small, as well as his subjects few, the sire thereupon ordered a large parcel of sticks to live brought to him, as well as these sticks he converted into human beings for the Owa, inwards monastic enjoin to increase the issue of his subjects. Hence to this twenty-four hr menstruum the Ijesas are oftentimes termed yesteryear their neighbours " Qmo igi " (offspring of sticks !)"
The Ijesha people used to receive got a large territory simply lost about portions of it to their neighbours during various conflicts as well as wars of the nineteenth as well as preceding centuries. The province was ruled yesteryear a monarch bearing the championship of Owa Obokun Adimula of Ijesaland. The province of Ilesa consisted of Ilesa itself as well as a issue of smaller surrounding cities. The people of Oke-Ako, Irele, Omuo-Oke talk a dialect similar to Ijesha.
Some of the pop towns of the Ijesa are Ibokun, Erin Ijesa, Ipetu Jesa, Ijebu Jesa, Esa-Oke, Ipole, Ifewara, Ijeda,Iloko, Iwara, Iperindo, Erinmo, Iwaraja, Idominasi, Ilase, Igangan, Imo, Eti-oni,Iboku, Erin-Ijesa, Ibodi as well as many others.
Ijesa women inwards their traditional costume at a political gathering
The Ijesa are the traders as well as line organisation icons with the Yoruba people; really goodness inwards commerce as well as receive got cutting a niche for themselves every bit the architects of 'Osomaalo' line organisation inwards Nigeria. As described inwards the mass yesteryear Omole (1991) the appellation was originally considered every bit a term of abuse to characterize the aggressive Ijesa cloth traders. The discussion ‘Osomaalo’ is tied to the procedure of debt collection. It way ‘I volition non sit down until I receive got collected my money,’ showing an inflexible conclusion to succeed inwards the human face upwards of all odds. This popular trading method allows customers to pay for goods inwards installments.
Ijesa armed forces prowess is summed upwards inwards this state of war vocal "Ijesha ree arogun yooo..ye so'gbodo fowo kan omo obokun ri a......" "An old Yoruba community, Ilesha was an of import as well as major armed forces centre inwards the campaigns against Ibadan, sixty miles (97 km) west-Southwest inwards the 19th-century Yoruba civil wars. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 leading fellow member of a confederacy known every bit the Ekitiparapo important 'Ekiti together'. This combined forces of the Ijesa as well as Ekiti was formed to struggle for the independence of their people. The town has a memorial to Ogedengbe, an Ijesa warrior-leader who died inwards 1910. Ogedengbe played a vital role during the kiriji state of war of the 19th century, which prevented Ilesa as well as other towns from beingness conquered as well as dominated yesteryear Ibadan as well as other powerful regions.
General Ogedengbe Agbogungboro, The Commander-in-Chief of the Ekiti-parapo Army - The Yorubaland Kiriji War of 1877-1892
Ijeshaland is rich inwards GOLD (Largest deposit inwards Nigeria) - Igun, Itagunmodi etc; FELDSPAR - Erin Ijesa, Igangan; MARBLE - Esa Oke, Ijeda, Iloko; TIN ORE - Imesi Ile; KAOLIN - Iperindo; TALC - Ilesa, Iperindo; as well as MICA - Ilesa, Iperindo.
Ijesaland is also the dwelling theatre of the famous as well as beautiful ERIN IJESHA (OLUMIRIN) WATERFALLS, a lavish acrobatic display of nature as well as a proud Tourist Attraction Centre. The Waterfalls has Seven Levels as well as the 7th degree is the peak of the falls, it hosts a short town where many of its inhabitants receive got lived for years such every bit the Fresh Water Prawns. Only few visitors tin give notice climb beyond the minute level. The breeze at the falls is cool as well as refreshing, the H2O flows amid the rocks as well as splashes downwards with non bad strength to the evergreen vegetation that surrounds it. This amazing waterfalls is definitely 1 of the many wonders of the world.
Erin Ijesha or the Olumirin Waterfall located in the Osun province of Nigeria is 1 of natural wonders of the world.
In Ijesaland, in that location are also archeological tourist attraction venues such every bit KIRIJI WAR MUSEUM - Imesi-Ile; AGIRIGIRI SHRINE - Ijebu-jesa; OGUN SHRINE - Ipole; OSUN SHRINE - Iponda; OWA-OBOKUN MILLENNIA PALACE - Ilesa; OBANLA PALACE - Ilesa.
Ijeshas prided themselves enormously on their national dish, pounded yam (iyan), as well as their vehicle registration plate is LES for Ilesha, Osun (Ilesha).
Ilesa is dwelling theatre to the famous Fajuke Family as well as prestigious Ilesa Grammar School, a schoolhouse founded yesteryear Egbe Atunluse Ilesa as well as alma mater to many Nigerians including a quondam Chief Justice of the Federation, Alfa Belgore, a quondam Governor of Lagos State, Alhaji Lateef Jakande, the quondam Vice Chancellor of University of Lagos, Prof Oye Ibidapo Obe, the quondam Vice Chancellor of Obafemi Awolowo University Ile Ife, Prof Omole as well as the electrical current Vice Chancellor of University of Ibadan, Prof Isaac Adewole.
Ijesa people drumming as well as dancing at Iwude festival
Ijesa Tribal MarksThe Ijesas every bit a dominion receive got no distinctive marks ; they are mostly plain-faced ; about families, however, are distinguished yesteryear having on each cheek 5 or half dozen horizontal lines. They are closely drawn, as well as much longer than whatever Oyo mark,
Language
Ijesa people talk a Central Yoruba dialect (Yoruboid language) that belongs to the larger Niger-Congo linguistic communication group. Ijesa dialect is akin to the adjoining Yagba, Igbomina, Ifẹ, Ekiti, Akurẹ, Ẹfọn, as well as Ijẹbu areas that are classified nether Central Yoruba dialects of the larger Yoruboid languages.
History
Ijesa history has a varied accounts based on myth as well as historical accounts. According to the rootage line organisation human relationship yesteryear Samuel Johnson the Ijesa people used to reside inwards Ile Ife prior to the reign of Sango. It is said that Ijesa people were "slaves were purchased as well as located inwards the district of Ibokun ; in that location they were tended every bit cattle, nether the tending of Owaju, as well as from them selections were made from fourth dimension to fourth dimension for sacrificial purposes; thence the term Ijesa from Ije Orisa (the nutrient of the gods)." Johnson (1921) posited farther that "they never offered whatever resistance to this system, thence the saying "Ijesa Omo Owaju ti ife opo iyk " (Ijesas children of Owaju, dependent acre to much sufferings).
I personally believe this detail history accounts for large issue of Ijesa enslaved people of Ilesa getting shipped to slavery inwards South America especially Brazil, as well as the Caribbeans.
Johnson (1921) recounted that "There is also a legend that when the nations began to disperse from Ile Ife as well as members of the Royal Family were appointed kings as well as rulers inwards various places, a immature as well as brave scion of the theatre was appointed the rootage Owa or manlike mortal monarch over the Ijesas, simply that he returned to the alafin as well as complained that his territory was besides small, as well as his subjects few, the sire thereupon ordered a large parcel of sticks to live brought to him, as well as these sticks he converted into human beings for the Owa, inwards monastic enjoin to increase the issue of his subjects. Hence to this twenty-four hr menstruum the Ijesas are oftentimes termed yesteryear their neighbours " Qmo igi " (offspring of sticks !)"
Current historical line organisation human relationship based on Ijesa peoples ain tradition, which does non contradict Samuel Johnson`s line organisation human relationship assert that their direct ancestor was Owa Ajibogun or Owa (“King”) who was 1 of the sixteen sons of the deity Oduduwa. It is said that their nowadays metropolis of Ilesa (Ilesha) inwards Osun State was "founded inwards c.1350 yesteryear Owaluse, a grandson of Ajibogun Ajaka (Ubiquitous Warrior) Owa Obokun Onida Arara, the most accomplished boy of Oduduwa, the progenitor of the Yoruba race of South-Western Nigeria as well as Republic of Benin Republic." Ijesha, every bit a historic town is 1 of the oldest settlements inwards Yorubaland. Other tradition amid the Ijesa themselves also traces the origin of the Ijesas province to a younger boy of Oduduwa called Obokun (Owa's ancestor), inwards commemoration of an occasion on which he fetched ocean H2O to cure his father's blindness. Obokun so settled inwards what was to run Ijesaland. He found, similar other founding heroes, pre-existing political structures including a confederacy of 5 towns inwards the Obokun area. Obokun himself is so fundamental to the Ijesas that they telephone band themselves Omo Obokun (Children of Obokun)
Whatever live the illustration it tin give notice live clearly seen that the ancestors of Ijesa people migrated from Ile ife to their nowadays location inwards Osun State. Ilesha traditions handgrip that the site of Ilesha was already occupied yesteryear scattered settlements of an aboriginal population, the most of import beingness identified with today's Okesa, the long street running west-east along Ilesha's spine, whose leader is regarded every bit the ancestor of Ogedengbe, The Obanla of Ijeshaland.
Ilesha became an of import as well as major Yoruba armed forces centre inwards the campaigns against Ibadan, sixty miles (97 km) west-Southwest inwards the 19th-century Yoruba civil wars. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 leading fellow member of a confederacy known every bit the Ekitiparapo important 'Ekiti together'. This combined forces of the Ijesa as well as Ekiti was formed to struggle for the independence of their people.
In 1817 a long serial of civil wars began inwards the Oyo Empire inwards which hundreds of people died; they lasted until 1893 (when United Kingdom of Great Britain as well as Northern Ireland of Britain as well as Northern Republic of Ireland intervened), yesteryear which fourth dimension the empire had disintegrated completely.
Modern Ilesha is a major collecting signal for the export of cocoa as well as a traditional cultural centre for the Ilesha (Ijesha) branch of the Yoruba people. Palm crude oil as well as kernels, yams, cassava, corn (maize), pumpkins, cotton, as well as kola nuts are collected for the local market. Local industries manufacture nails as well as carpets, as well as the town has a brewery; in that location are also a recording society as well as a publishing firm, as well as the Supreme Oil manufacture at Ilesha. Several prominent quartzite ridges prevarication eastward of Ilesha, as well as gilded mining is an of import activity inwards the area, i.e The Iperindo Gold field.
Ilesha is a classic - though hardly a typical - illustration of that ethnographic celebrity, the Yoruba town: a large, nucleated short town that is the centre of a kingdom as well as itself the primary residence of an overwhelmingly agricultural population. Even when it was largely derelict owing to war, inwards 1886, Ilesha's population was estimated to live betwixt 20,000 as well as 25,000 as well as a figure of upwards to 40,000 may live appropriate for the peak of its growth earlier the sack inwards 1870. Though this is non every bit large every bit the largest Oyo-Yoruba towns of the nineteenth century, its considerable size was non due,as theirs was, to really heavy recent immigration nether the affect of the wars.
It was the recognition of the require for the Ijesa to elevator upwards themselves yesteryear their ain bootstraps that led to the institution of the Ijesa Improvement Society, the rootage modern pan-Ijesa socio-cultural group, inwards 1922. It was at a fourth dimension when the Ijesa non solely had problems with their British colonial overlords simply also with their ain local management nether the Owa Obokun who had since 1914 been constituted into a Sole Native Authority on the model of the Northern Nigeria Emirates, nether the Indirect Rule of System introduced yesteryear Sir Fredrick Lugard. This meant that the Ijesa had to fence non solely with a hostile unusual colonial ability simply with a despotic local management supported yesteryear that unusual colonial power. In this sort of unpleasant political climate, the best assist was self help.
Yoruba chieftains inwards their traditional dress
The regulation of self help, which was elevated to a philosophy of activity yesteryear the aggressively individualistic Ijesa inwards the inter-war years, was to assist the socio-economic evolution of Ijesaland as well as to brand the Ijesa really cautious towards, if non totally suspicious of all governments live it local, regional or national inwards the post service state of war as well as pre-independence era. This explains why the few commercial as well as industrial establishments inwards Ijesaland today are owned largely yesteryear the Ijesa themselves. Indeed, with the exception of the recent Federal Government efforts to exploit the gilded deposits at Itagunmodi as well as Igun inwards Atakumosa Local Government area, in that location are virtually no government-sponsored commercial as well as industrial undertakings inwards the whole of Ijesaland."
HRM Oba (Dr) Adekunle Aromolaran, Owa-Obokun of Ijeshaland HRM, Oba (Dr) Adekunle Aromolaran, Owa-Obokun of Ijeshaland inwards his palace, awaiting the arrival of dignitaries
The Ilesa Monarchs
The province of Ilesa (Ile ti a sa which way a homeland nosotros chose), Traditional Headquarters of Ijesaland as well as the upper-case missive of the alphabet of the rootage Local Council inwards Nigeria (Ijesa/Ekiti Parapo Council) named yesteryear the British Colonial Administrator on 21 June 1900 comprising the nowadays twenty-four hr menstruum Ondo as well as Ekiti States of Nigeria. F POPULATION: 310,000 There are 4 regal houses with which accession to the throne is supposed to live rotated: Biladu, Bilagbayo, Bilaro as well as Bilayirere. Rulers receive got been every bit follows:
| Bilagbayo | ... - 17.. |
| Ori Abejoye | 17.. - ... |
| Bilajagodo "Arijelesin" | ... - ... |
| Bilatutu "Otutu bi Osin" | ... - ... |
| Bilasa "Asa abodofunfun" | ... - ... |
| Akesan | c.1800 |
| Bilajara | 1... - 1807 |
| Ogbagba | 1807–1813 |
| Obara "Bilajila" | 1813–1828 |
| Odundun | 1828–1833 |
| Gbegbaaje | 1833–1839 |
| Ariyasunle (1st time) -Regent | 1839 |
| Ofokutu | 1839–1853 |
| Ariyasunle (2nd time) -Regent | 1853 |
| Ponlose | 1853–1867 |
| Alobe | 1867–1869 |
| 4 Jun 1870 Agunlejika I | 1869 - |
| 1871 Vacant | 4 Jun 1870 - |
| Oweweniye (1st time) | 1871–1873 |
| Vacant | 1873 |
| Oweweniye (2nd time) | 1873–1875 |
| Sep 1892 Adimula Agunloye-bi-Oyinbo "Bepolonun" | 1875 - |
| Lowolodu | Mar 1893 - November 1894 |
| Vacant | Nov 1894 - April 1896 |
| Ajimoko I | Apr 1896 - Sep 1901 |
| Ataiyero [Atayero] | 1901–1920 |
| Aromolaran | 1920–1942 |
| Ajimoko "Haastrup" -Regent | 1942 - 10 Sep 1942 |
| Ajimoko II "Fidipote" | 10 Sep 1942 - xviii October 1956 |
| J. E. Awodiya -Regent | 18 October 1956 - 1957 |
| Biladu III "Fiwajoye" | 1957 - Jul 1963 |
| .... -Regent | Jul 1963 - 1966 |
| Agunlejika II | 1966–1981 |
| Oba Gabriel Adekunle Aromolaran II | 1982 - ? |
Deputy Governor State of Osun, Mrs Titi Laoye-Tomori; Governor, Ogbeni Rauf Aregbesola as well as Owa Obokun of Ijesaland, Oba (Dr.) Gabriel Aromolaran, during the 2013 Iwude-Ijesha Festival, at Ereja Square, Ilesa, State of Osun on Sat 28-12-2013
History of Yoruba people By Samuel Johnson
They resided at Ile Ife, i.e., prior to the reign of Sango. Human sacrifices were mutual inwards those days, as well as inwards monastic enjoin to receive got victims cook to hand, it is said that a issue of slaves were purchased
as well as located inwards the district of Ibokun ; in that location they were tended every bit cattle, nether the tending of Owaju, as well as from them selections were made from fourth dimension to fourth dimension for sacrificial purposes ; thence the term
Ijesa from Ije Orisa (the nutrient of the gods). They are described every bit stumpy, muscular, as well as sheepish-looking, with a marked desire of tidings : they never offered whatever resistance to this system,
thence the saying "Ijesa Omo Owaju ti ife opo iyk " (Ijesas children of Owaju, dependent acre to much sufferings). There is also a legend that when the nations began to disperse from Ile Ife as well as members of the Royal Family were appointed kings as well as rulers inwards various places, a immature as well as brave scion of the theatre was appointed the rootage Owa or manlike mortal monarch over the Ijesas, simply that he returned to the alafin as well as complained that his territory was besides small, as well as his subjects few, the sire thereupon ordered a large parcel of sticks to live brought to him, as well as these sticks he converted into human beings for the Owa, inwards monastic enjoin to increase the issue of his subjects. Hence to this twenty-four hr menstruum the Ijesas are oftentimes termed yesteryear their neighbours " Qmo igi " (offspring of sticks !)
This, of course, is a pure myth invented yesteryear their to a greater extent than wily neighbours to line organisation human relationship for the notorious characteristics of the Ijesas generally, who are every bit proverbially deficient inwards wit every bit they are remarkably distinguished for animate beingness strength.
But 1 fact holds goodness downwards fifty-fifty to our days, viz., that upwards to the recent full abolition of human sacrifice yesteryear the British Government (1893) the Ifes, who, far to a greater extent than than whatever other, were
addicted to the practice, e'er preferred for the role to receive got an Ijesa victim to whatever other ; such sacrifices were considered to a greater extent than acceptable, the victims beingness the " nutrient of the gods."
This preference was the receive of to a greater extent than than 1 threatened rupture betwixt the Ifes as well as their Ijesa allies during the recent sixteen years' war, as well as would sure receive got developed into opened upwards fights, but
for the Ibadan regular army vis-d-vis threatening them both.
The other line organisation human relationship relates chiefly to the nowadays twenty-four hr menstruum Ijesas of Ilesa (the dwelling theatre of the gods) the master copy town. According to this account, they hailed from the Ekitis ; or every bit about would to a greater extent than correctly receive got it, they were the Ijesas from the neighbourhood of Ibokun who rootage migrated to Ipole close Ondo, as well as thence dorsum to Ilesa. It appears that a custom so prevailed of going out hunting for their manlike mortal monarch iii months inwards the year, as well as on 1 such occasion they found game so plentiful inwards the neighbourhood of Ilesa, the chmate really agreeable, the province well-watered, as well as the Ijesas in that location extremely simple, peaceful, as well as unwarhke (probably the remnants as well as descendants of the old sacrificial victims) whilst at dwelling theatre they endured much oppression from their Owa, that they in that location as well as so conceived as well as carried out the watch of settling on the spot at once, making it their home, as well as of reducing into subjection the aboriginal inhabitants.
These objects were easily plenty accomplished ; simply they spared the principal chief, a kindly old gentleman who had an extensive garden plantation. He was called " Oba Ila," i.e., Okra king,
from his Okra plantation, as well as he was placed adjacent inwards rank to the master copy of the marauders. That nickname is continued to the nowadays fourth dimension every bit a championship Oba'la^ as well as is conferred on the most distinguished master copy afterwards the Owa of Ilesa. It would appear so that although the term Ijesa is retained yesteryear the people of that district, as well as those who are ignorant of the origin of the term bring about pride inwards it, yet it is evident that the nowadays inhabitants are non all of them the descendants of the aboriginal settlers, the " nutrient of the gods," simply are largely from the Ekitis yesteryear admixture ; the pure type Ijesas are at 1 time as well as 1 time to a greater extent than met with at Ilesa as well as neighbourhood.
This fact is farther shown yesteryear the desire of homogeneity with the principal chiefs of Ilesa at the nowadays day, for when the town was growing, the settlers did cast nigh for assist ; they sought for
wiser heads to assist them inwards the edifice upwards as well as the direction of their country, e.g., from the Oyos or Yorubas Proper they had the Odgle from Irehe, the Esawe from Ora, the Saloro from Oyo (the ancient city), as well as the Sorundi also from the same metropolis — all these came with a large issue of followers ; from the Ondos, the 'Loro, as well as the Salosi from I jama inwards the Ondo district ; from the
Ekitis, the Arapate from Ara, the Lejoka from Itaje ; as well as lastly, the Ogboni from the white cap chiefs of Lagos, the solely 1 privileged to receive got on his headgear inwards the presence of the Owa. The Owa himself is every bit nosotros receive got seen, a junior fellow member of the regal theatre of Oyo.
It is also said that when the town of Ilesa was to live set out a special messenger was sent to the alafin to inquire for the assist of 1 of the princes to lay out the town on the same innovation every bit the ancient metropolis of Oyo. That prince ruled for about years at Ilesa.
source:https://archive.org/stream/historyofyorubas00john/historyofyorubas00john_djvu.txt
http://www.jpanafrican.com/docs/vol3no5/3.5-3newRhythms.pdf
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