Info For Yous Ijesha (Ijesa/Ilesa) People: The Ancient Militaristic Together With Skillful Trading Yoruba People Who Forms The Large Component Of The Yoruba People Inwards Brazil Together With The Caribbeans
The Ijesha (Ijesa)are ancient militaristic, agriculturalists together with goodness trading Yoruboid-speaking people that shape a sub-ethnic of the larger Yoruba people of West Africa, specially Nigeria together with Benin. The Ijesa are predominantly from the urban center together with surroundings of Ilesha (Ilesa) together with the historic Kingdom of Ilesha inwards the same area. Ijesa people forms the largest chunk of sub-Yoruba ethnic grouping that were shipped into slavery inwards Americas together with the Caribbeans.
Ijesa people celebrating their Iwude Owa Obokun Festival, at Osun State inwards Nigeria. Courtesy Nigerian Festivals
The Ijesha territory is adjoined yesteryear the Ekiti on the east, the Igbomina to the north, the Ife to the south, together with the Oyo together with Ibolo to the west. The urban center of Ilesa was described yesteryear Rev. Williams Howard Clark inwards 1854 as: "For its cleanliness, regularity inwards breath together with width, together with the straightness of its streets, the ancient urban center of Ilesa far surpasses whatever native town I receive got seen inwards dark Africa."
Ijesa women celebrating their Iwude festival at Ilesa inwards Osun State, Nigeria
Ijesa people are said to receive got migrated from Ile Ife, the cradle of Yoruba people, to construct their Ilesaland (which is i of the oldest Yorubaland) inwards its present-day location inwards Osun State. According to tradition, Owa Ajibogun or Owa (“King”) who was i of the sixteen sons of the deity Oduduwa founded Ilesha. The touchstone version of tradition with the Ijesa themselves traces the root of the Ijesas province to a younger boy of Oduduwa called Obokun (Owa's ancestor), inwards commemoration of an occasion on which he fetched body of body of water H2O to cure his father's blindness. Obokun together with so settled inwards what was to larn Ijesaland. He found, similar other founding heroes, pre-existing political structures including a confederacy of 5 towns inwards the Obokun area. Obokun himself is so fundamental to the Ijesas that they telephone phone themselves Omo Obokun (Children of Obokun).
Samuel Johnson, the bang-up Yoruba Historian also averred: "There is also a legend that when the nations began to disperse from Ile Ife together with members of the Royal Family were appointed kings together with rulers inwards various places, a immature together with brave scion of the theatre was appointed the outset Owa or manly someone monarch over the Ijesas, merely he returned to the Alafin together with complained that his territory was likewise small, together with his subjects few, the sire thereupon ordered a large packet of sticks to live brought to him, together with these sticks he converted into human beings for the Owa, inwards guild to growth the issue of his subjects. Hence to this 24-hour interval the Ijesas are oft termed yesteryear their neighbours " Qmo igi " (offspring of sticks !)"
The Ijesha people used to receive got a large territory merely lost about portions of it to their neighbours during various conflicts together with wars of the nineteenth together with preceding centuries. The province was ruled yesteryear a monarch bearing the championship of Owa Obokun Adimula of Ijesaland. The province of Ilesa consisted of Ilesa itself together with a issue of smaller surrounding cities. The people of Oke-Ako, Irele, Omuo-Oke beak a dialect similar to Ijesha.
Some of the pop towns of the Ijesa are Ibokun, Erin Ijesa, Ipetu Jesa, Ijebu Jesa, Esa-Oke, Ipole, Ifewara, Ijeda,Iloko, Iwara, Iperindo, Erinmo, Iwaraja, Idominasi, Ilase, Igangan, Imo, Eti-oni,Iboku, Erin-Ijesa, Ibodi together with many others.
Ijesa women inwards their traditional costume at a political gathering
The Ijesa are the traders together with work organisation icons with the Yoruba people; real goodness inwards commerce together with receive got cutting a niche for themselves every bit the architects of 'Osomaalo' work organisation inwards Nigeria. As described inwards the mass yesteryear Omole (1991) the appellation was originally considered every bit a term of abuse to characterize the aggressive Ijesa stuff traders. The give-and-take ‘Osomaalo’ is tied to the procedure of debt collection. It way ‘I volition non sit down until I receive got collected my money,’ showing an inflexible decision to succeed inwards the human face upward of all odds. This popular trading method allows customers to pay for goods inwards installments.
Ijesa armed services prowess is summed upward inwards this state of war vocal "Ijesha ree arogun yooo..ye so'gbodo fowo kan omo obokun ri a......" "An old Yoruba community, Ilesha was an of import together with major armed services centre inwards the campaigns against Ibadan, threescore miles (97 km) west-Southwest inwards the 19th-century Yoruba civil wars. H5N1 leading fellow member of a confederacy known every bit the Ekitiparapo pregnant 'Ekiti together'. This combined forces of the Ijesa together with Ekiti was formed to struggle for the independence of their people. The town has a memorial to Ogedengbe, an Ijesa warrior-leader who died inwards 1910. Ogedengbe played a vital role during the kiriji state of war of the 19th century, which prevented Ilesa together with other towns from beingness conquered together with dominated yesteryear Ibadan together with other powerful regions.
Ijeshaland is rich inwards GOLD (Largest deposit inwards Nigeria) - Igun, Itagunmodi etc; FELDSPAR - Erin Ijesa, Igangan; MARBLE - Esa Oke, Ijeda, Iloko; TIN ORE - Imesi Ile; KAOLIN - Iperindo; TALC - Ilesa, Iperindo; together with MICA - Ilesa, Iperindo.
Ijesaland is also the dwelling theatre of the famous together with beautiful ERIN IJESHA (OLUMIRIN) WATERFALLS, a lavish acrobatic display of nature together with a proud Tourist Attraction Centre. The Waterfalls has Seven Levels together with the 7th grade is the peak of the falls, it hosts a short town where many of its inhabitants receive got lived for years such every bit the Fresh Water Prawns. Only few visitors tin climb beyond the minute level. The breeze at the falls is cool together with refreshing, the H2O flows with the rocks together with splashes downward with bang-up forcefulness to the evergreen vegetation that surrounds it. This amazing waterfalls is definitely i of the many wonders of the world.
Erin Ijesha or the Olumirin Waterfall located in the Osun province of Nigeria is i of natural wonders of the world.
In Ijesaland, at that topographic point are also archeological tourist attraction venues such every bit KIRIJI WAR MUSEUM - Imesi-Ile; AGIRIGIRI SHRINE - Ijebu-jesa; OGUN SHRINE - Ipole; OSUN SHRINE - Iponda; OWA-OBOKUN MILLENNIA PALACE - Ilesa; OBANLA PALACE - Ilesa.
Ijeshas prided themselves enormously on their national dish, pounded yam (iyan), together with their vehicle registration plate is LES for Ilesha, Osun (Ilesha).
Ilesa is dwelling theatre to the famous Fajuke Family together with prestigious Ilesa Grammar School, a schoolhouse founded yesteryear Egbe Atunluse Ilesa together with alma mater to many Nigerians including a sometime Chief Justice of the Federation, Alfa Belgore, a sometime Governor of Lagos State, Alhaji Lateef Jakande, the sometime Vice Chancellor of University of Lagos, Prof Oye Ibidapo Obe, the sometime Vice Chancellor of Obafemi Awolowo University Ile Ife, Prof Omole together with the electrical current Vice Chancellor of University of Ibadan, Prof Isaac Adewole.
The Ijesas every bit a dominion receive got no distinctive marks ; they are mostly plain-faced ; about families, however, are distinguished yesteryear having on each cheek 5 or six horizontal lines. They are closely drawn, together with much longer than whatever Oyo mark,
Language
Ijesa people beak a Central Yoruba dialect (Yoruboid language) that belongs to the larger Niger-Congo linguistic communication group. Ijesa dialect is akin to the adjoining Yagba, Igbomina, Ifẹ, Ekiti, Akurẹ, Ẹfọn, together with Ijẹbu areas that are classified nether Central Yoruba dialects of the larger Yoruboid languages.
History
Ijesa history has a varied accounts based on myth together with historical accounts. According to the outset work organisation human relationship yesteryear Samuel Johnson the Ijesa people used to reside inwards Ile Ife prior to the reign of Sango. It is said that Ijesa people were "slaves were purchased together with located inwards the district of Ibokun ; at that topographic point they were tended every bit cattle, nether the attention of Owaju, together with from them selections were made from fourth dimension to fourth dimension for sacrificial purposes; therefore the term Ijesa from Ije Orisa (the nutrient of the gods)." Johnson (1921) posited farther that "they never offered whatever resistance to this system, therefore the saying "Ijesa Omo Owaju ti ife opo iyk " (Ijesas children of Owaju, dependent acre to much sufferings).
I personally believe this detail history accounts for large issue of Ijesa enslaved people of Ilesa getting shipped to slavery inwards South America especially Brazil, together with the Caribbeans.
Johnson (1921) recounted that "There is also a legend that when the nations began to disperse from Ile Ife together with members of the Royal Family were appointed kings together with rulers inwards various places, a immature together with brave scion of the theatre was appointed the outset Owa or manly someone monarch over the Ijesas, merely that he returned to the alafin together with complained that his territory was likewise small, together with his subjects few, the sire thereupon ordered a large packet of sticks to live brought to him, together with these sticks he converted into human beings for the Owa, inwards guild to growth the issue of his subjects. Hence to this 24-hour interval the Ijesas are oft termed yesteryear their neighbours " Qmo igi " (offspring of sticks !)"
Current historical work organisation human relationship based on Ijesa peoples ain tradition, which does non contradict Samuel Johnson`s work organisation human relationship assert that their direct ancestor was Owa Ajibogun or Owa (“King”) who was i of the sixteen sons of the deity Oduduwa. It is said that their nowadays urban center of Ilesa (Ilesha) inwards Osun State was "founded inwards c.1350 yesteryear Owaluse, a grandson of Ajibogun Ajaka (Ubiquitous Warrior) Owa Obokun Onida Arara, the most accomplished boy of Oduduwa, the progenitor of the Yoruba race of South-Western Nigeria together with Republic of Benin Republic." Ijesha, every bit a historic town is i of the oldest settlements inwards Yorubaland. Other tradition with the Ijesa themselves also traces the root of the Ijesas province to a younger boy of Oduduwa called Obokun (Owa's ancestor), inwards commemoration of an occasion on which he fetched body of body of water H2O to cure his father's blindness. Obokun together with so settled inwards what was to larn Ijesaland. He found, similar other founding heroes, pre-existing political structures including a confederacy of 5 towns inwards the Obokun area. Obokun himself is so fundamental to the Ijesas that they telephone phone themselves Omo Obokun (Children of Obokun)
Whatever live the illustration it tin live clearly seen that the ancestors of Ijesa people migrated from Ile ife to their nowadays location inwards Osun State. Ilesha traditions handgrip that the site of Ilesha was already occupied yesteryear scattered settlements of an aboriginal population, the most of import beingness identified with today's Okesa, the long street running west-east along Ilesha's spine, whose leader is regarded every bit the ancestor of Ogedengbe, The Obanla of Ijeshaland.
Ilesha became an of import together with major Yoruba armed services centre inwards the campaigns against Ibadan, threescore miles (97 km) west-Southwest inwards the 19th-century Yoruba civil wars. H5N1 leading fellow member of a confederacy known every bit the Ekitiparapo pregnant 'Ekiti together'. This combined forces of the Ijesa together with Ekiti was formed to struggle for the independence of their people.
In 1817 a long serial of civil wars began inwards the Oyo Empire inwards which hundreds of people died; they lasted until 1893 (when United Kingdom of Great Britain together with Northern Ireland intervened), yesteryear which fourth dimension the empire had disintegrated completely.
Modern Ilesha is a major collecting signal for the export of cocoa together with a traditional cultural centre for the Ilesha (Ijesha) branch of the Yoruba people. Palm fossil oil together with kernels, yams, cassava, corn (maize), pumpkins, cotton, together with kola nuts are collected for the local market. Local industries manufacture nails together with carpets, together with the town has a brewery; at that topographic point are also a recording companionship together with a publishing firm, together with the Supreme Oil manufacture at Ilesha. Several prominent quartzite ridges prevarication eastward of Ilesha, together with golden mining is an of import activity inwards the area, i.e The Iperindo Gold field.
Ilesha is a classic - though hardly a typical - illustration of that ethnographic celebrity, the Yoruba town: a large, nucleated short town that is the centre of a kingdom together with itself the primary residence of an overwhelmingly agricultural population. Even when it was largely derelict owing to war, inwards 1886, Ilesha's population was estimated to live betwixt 20,000 together with 25,000 together with a figure of upward to 40,000 may live appropriate for the superlative of its growth earlier the sack inwards 1870. Though this is non every bit large every bit the largest Oyo-Yoruba towns of the nineteenth century, its considerable size was non due,as theirs was, to real heavy recent immigration nether the touching on of the wars.
It was the recognition of the quest for the Ijesa to elevator upward themselves yesteryear their ain bootstraps that led to the institution of the Ijesa Improvement Society, the outset modern pan-Ijesa socio-cultural group, inwards 1922. It was at a fourth dimension when the Ijesa non alone had problems with their British colonial overlords merely also with their ain local direction nether the Owa Obokun who had since 1914 been constituted into a Sole Native Authority on the model of the Northern Nigeria Emirates, nether the Indirect Rule of System introduced yesteryear Sir Fredrick Lugard. This meant that the Ijesa had to ground non alone with a hostile unusual colonial ability merely with a despotic local direction supported yesteryear that unusual colonial power. In this sort of unpleasant political climate, the best assist was self help.
The regulation of self help, which was elevated to a philosophy of activeness yesteryear the aggressively individualistic Ijesa inwards the inter-war years, was to assist the socio-economic evolution of Ijesaland together with to brand the Ijesa real cautious towards, if non totally suspicious of all governments live it local, regional or national inwards the post service state of war together with pre-independence era. This explains why the few commercial together with industrial establishments inwards Ijesaland today are owned largely yesteryear the Ijesa themselves. Indeed, with the exception of the recent Federal Government efforts to exploit the golden deposits at Itagunmodi together with Igun inwards Atakumosa Local Government area, at that topographic point are virtually no government-sponsored commercial together with industrial undertakings inwards the whole of Ijesaland."
The Ilesa Monarchs
The province of Ilesa (Ile ti a sa which way a homeland nosotros chose), Traditional Headquarters of Ijesaland together with the majuscule of the outset Local Council inwards Nigeria (Ijesa/Ekiti Parapo Council) named yesteryear the British Colonial Administrator on 21 June 1900 comprising the nowadays 24-hour interval Ondo together with Ekiti States of Nigeria. F POPULATION: 310,000 There are 4 regal houses with which accession to the throne is supposed to live rotated: Biladu, Bilagbayo, Bilaro together with Bilayirere. Rulers receive got been every bit follows:
Deputy Governor State of Osun, Mrs Titi Laoye-Tomori; Governor, Ogbeni Rauf Aregbesola together with Owa Obokun of Ijesaland, Oba (Dr.) Gabriel Aromolaran, during the 2013 Iwude-Ijesha Festival, at Ereja Square, Ilesa, State of Osun on Sabbatum 28-12-2013
History of Yoruba people By Samuel Johnson
They resided at Ile Ife, i.e., prior to the reign of Sango. Human sacrifices were mutual inwards those days, together with inwards guild to receive got victims produce to hand, it is said that a issue of slaves were purchased
together with located inwards the district of Ibokun ; at that topographic point they were tended every bit cattle, nether the attention of Owaju, together with from them selections were made from fourth dimension to fourth dimension for sacrificial purposes ; therefore the term
Ijesa from Ije Orisa (the nutrient of the gods). They are described every bit stumpy, muscular, together with sheepish-looking, with a marked desire of tidings : they never offered whatever resistance to this system,
therefore the saying "Ijesa Omo Owaju ti ife opo iyk " (Ijesas children of Owaju, dependent acre to much sufferings). There is also a legend that when the nations began to disperse from Ile Ife together with members of the Royal Family were appointed kings together with rulers inwards various places, a immature together with brave scion of the theatre was appointed the outset Owa or manly someone monarch over the Ijesas, merely that he returned to the alafin together with complained that his territory was likewise small, together with his subjects few, the sire thereupon ordered a large packet of sticks to live brought to him, together with these sticks he converted into human beings for the Owa, inwards guild to growth the issue of his subjects. Hence to this 24-hour interval the Ijesas are oft termed yesteryear their neighbours " Qmo igi " (offspring of sticks !)
This, of course, is a pure myth invented yesteryear their to a greater extent than wily neighbours to work organisation human relationship for the notorious characteristics of the Ijesas generally, who are every bit proverbially deficient inwards wit every bit they are remarkably distinguished for animal strength.
But i fact holds goodness downward fifty-fifty to our days, viz., that upward to the recent full abolition of human sacrifice yesteryear the British Government (1893) the Ifes, who, far to a greater extent than than whatever other, were
addicted to the practice, e'er preferred for the operate to receive got an Ijesa victim to whatever other ; such sacrifices were considered to a greater extent than acceptable, the victims beingness the " nutrient of the gods."
This preference was the get of to a greater extent than than i threatened rupture betwixt the Ifes together with their Ijesa allies during the recent sixteen years' war, together with would sure enough receive got developed into opened upward fights, but
for the Ibadan regular army vis-d-vis threatening them both.
The other work organisation human relationship relates chiefly to the nowadays 24-hour interval Ijesas of Ilesa (the dwelling theatre of the gods) the principal town. According to this account, they hailed from the Ekitis ; or every bit about would to a greater extent than correctly receive got it, they were the Ijesas from the neighbourhood of Ibokun who outset migrated to Ipole close Ondo, together with thence dorsum to Ilesa. It appears that a custom together with so prevailed of going out hunting for their manly someone monarch 3 months inwards the year, together with on i such occasion they found game so plentiful inwards the neighbourhood of Ilesa, the chmate real agreeable, the province well-watered, together with the Ijesas at that topographic point extremely simple, peaceful, together with unwarhke (probably the remnants together with descendants of the old sacrificial victims) whilst at dwelling theatre they endured much oppression from their Owa, that they at that topographic point together with and so conceived together with carried out the persuasion of settling on the spot at once, making it their home, together with of reducing into subjection the aboriginal inhabitants.
These objects were easily plenty accomplished ; merely they spared the principal chief, a kindly old gentleman who had an extensive garden plantation. He was called " Oba Ila," i.e., Okra king,
from his Okra plantation, together with he was placed adjacent inwards rank to the principal of the marauders. That nickname is continued to the nowadays fourth dimension every bit a championship Oba'la^ together with is conferred on the most distinguished principal later on the Owa of Ilesa. It would appear together with so that although the term Ijesa is retained yesteryear the people of that district, together with those who are ignorant of the root of the term convey about pride inwards it, yet it is evident that the nowadays inhabitants are non all of them the descendants of the aboriginal settlers, the " nutrient of the gods," merely are largely from the Ekitis yesteryear admixture ; the pure type Ijesas are immediately together with over again met with at Ilesa together with neighbourhood.
This fact is farther shown yesteryear the desire of homogeneity with the principal chiefs of Ilesa at the nowadays day, for when the town was growing, the settlers did cast almost for assist ; they sought for
wiser heads to assist them inwards the edifice upward together with the direction of their country, e.g., from the Oyos or Yorubas Proper they had the Odgle from Irehe, the Esawe from Ora, the Saloro from Oyo (the ancient city), together with the Sorundi also from the same urban center — all these came with a large issue of followers ; from the Ondos, the 'Loro, together with the Salosi from I jama inwards the Ondo district ; from the
Ekitis, the Arapate from Ara, the Lejoka from Itaje ; together with lastly, the Ogboni from the white cap chiefs of Lagos, the alone i privileged to receive got on his headgear inwards the presence of the Owa. The Owa himself is every bit nosotros receive got seen, a junior fellow member of the regal theatre of Oyo.
It is also said that when the town of Ilesa was to live set out a special messenger was sent to the alafin to inquire for the assist of i of the princes to lay out the town on the same innovation every bit the ancient urban center of Oyo. That prince ruled for about years at Ilesa.
source:https://archive.org/stream/historyofyorubas00john/historyofyorubas00john_djvu.txt
http://www.jpanafrican.com/docs/vol3no5/3.5-3newRhythms.pdf
Ijesa people celebrating their Iwude Owa Obokun Festival, at Osun State inwards Nigeria. Courtesy Nigerian Festivals
The Ijesha territory is adjoined yesteryear the Ekiti on the east, the Igbomina to the north, the Ife to the south, together with the Oyo together with Ibolo to the west. The urban center of Ilesa was described yesteryear Rev. Williams Howard Clark inwards 1854 as: "For its cleanliness, regularity inwards breath together with width, together with the straightness of its streets, the ancient urban center of Ilesa far surpasses whatever native town I receive got seen inwards dark Africa."
Ijesa women celebrating their Iwude festival at Ilesa inwards Osun State, Nigeria
Ijesa people are said to receive got migrated from Ile Ife, the cradle of Yoruba people, to construct their Ilesaland (which is i of the oldest Yorubaland) inwards its present-day location inwards Osun State. According to tradition, Owa Ajibogun or Owa (“King”) who was i of the sixteen sons of the deity Oduduwa founded Ilesha. The touchstone version of tradition with the Ijesa themselves traces the root of the Ijesas province to a younger boy of Oduduwa called Obokun (Owa's ancestor), inwards commemoration of an occasion on which he fetched body of body of water H2O to cure his father's blindness. Obokun together with so settled inwards what was to larn Ijesaland. He found, similar other founding heroes, pre-existing political structures including a confederacy of 5 towns inwards the Obokun area. Obokun himself is so fundamental to the Ijesas that they telephone phone themselves Omo Obokun (Children of Obokun).
Samuel Johnson, the bang-up Yoruba Historian also averred: "There is also a legend that when the nations began to disperse from Ile Ife together with members of the Royal Family were appointed kings together with rulers inwards various places, a immature together with brave scion of the theatre was appointed the outset Owa or manly someone monarch over the Ijesas, merely he returned to the Alafin together with complained that his territory was likewise small, together with his subjects few, the sire thereupon ordered a large packet of sticks to live brought to him, together with these sticks he converted into human beings for the Owa, inwards guild to growth the issue of his subjects. Hence to this 24-hour interval the Ijesas are oft termed yesteryear their neighbours " Qmo igi " (offspring of sticks !)"
The Ijesha people used to receive got a large territory merely lost about portions of it to their neighbours during various conflicts together with wars of the nineteenth together with preceding centuries. The province was ruled yesteryear a monarch bearing the championship of Owa Obokun Adimula of Ijesaland. The province of Ilesa consisted of Ilesa itself together with a issue of smaller surrounding cities. The people of Oke-Ako, Irele, Omuo-Oke beak a dialect similar to Ijesha.
Some of the pop towns of the Ijesa are Ibokun, Erin Ijesa, Ipetu Jesa, Ijebu Jesa, Esa-Oke, Ipole, Ifewara, Ijeda,Iloko, Iwara, Iperindo, Erinmo, Iwaraja, Idominasi, Ilase, Igangan, Imo, Eti-oni,Iboku, Erin-Ijesa, Ibodi together with many others.
Ijesa women inwards their traditional costume at a political gathering
The Ijesa are the traders together with work organisation icons with the Yoruba people; real goodness inwards commerce together with receive got cutting a niche for themselves every bit the architects of 'Osomaalo' work organisation inwards Nigeria. As described inwards the mass yesteryear Omole (1991) the appellation was originally considered every bit a term of abuse to characterize the aggressive Ijesa stuff traders. The give-and-take ‘Osomaalo’ is tied to the procedure of debt collection. It way ‘I volition non sit down until I receive got collected my money,’ showing an inflexible decision to succeed inwards the human face upward of all odds. This popular trading method allows customers to pay for goods inwards installments.
Ijesa armed services prowess is summed upward inwards this state of war vocal "Ijesha ree arogun yooo..ye so'gbodo fowo kan omo obokun ri a......" "An old Yoruba community, Ilesha was an of import together with major armed services centre inwards the campaigns against Ibadan, threescore miles (97 km) west-Southwest inwards the 19th-century Yoruba civil wars. H5N1 leading fellow member of a confederacy known every bit the Ekitiparapo pregnant 'Ekiti together'. This combined forces of the Ijesa together with Ekiti was formed to struggle for the independence of their people. The town has a memorial to Ogedengbe, an Ijesa warrior-leader who died inwards 1910. Ogedengbe played a vital role during the kiriji state of war of the 19th century, which prevented Ilesa together with other towns from beingness conquered together with dominated yesteryear Ibadan together with other powerful regions.
General Ogedengbe Agbogungboro, The Commander-in-Chief of the Ekiti-parapo Army - The Yorubaland Kiriji War of 1877-1892
Ijeshaland is rich inwards GOLD (Largest deposit inwards Nigeria) - Igun, Itagunmodi etc; FELDSPAR - Erin Ijesa, Igangan; MARBLE - Esa Oke, Ijeda, Iloko; TIN ORE - Imesi Ile; KAOLIN - Iperindo; TALC - Ilesa, Iperindo; together with MICA - Ilesa, Iperindo.
Ijesaland is also the dwelling theatre of the famous together with beautiful ERIN IJESHA (OLUMIRIN) WATERFALLS, a lavish acrobatic display of nature together with a proud Tourist Attraction Centre. The Waterfalls has Seven Levels together with the 7th grade is the peak of the falls, it hosts a short town where many of its inhabitants receive got lived for years such every bit the Fresh Water Prawns. Only few visitors tin climb beyond the minute level. The breeze at the falls is cool together with refreshing, the H2O flows with the rocks together with splashes downward with bang-up forcefulness to the evergreen vegetation that surrounds it. This amazing waterfalls is definitely i of the many wonders of the world.
Erin Ijesha or the Olumirin Waterfall located in the Osun province of Nigeria is i of natural wonders of the world.
In Ijesaland, at that topographic point are also archeological tourist attraction venues such every bit KIRIJI WAR MUSEUM - Imesi-Ile; AGIRIGIRI SHRINE - Ijebu-jesa; OGUN SHRINE - Ipole; OSUN SHRINE - Iponda; OWA-OBOKUN MILLENNIA PALACE - Ilesa; OBANLA PALACE - Ilesa.
Ijeshas prided themselves enormously on their national dish, pounded yam (iyan), together with their vehicle registration plate is LES for Ilesha, Osun (Ilesha).
Ilesa is dwelling theatre to the famous Fajuke Family together with prestigious Ilesa Grammar School, a schoolhouse founded yesteryear Egbe Atunluse Ilesa together with alma mater to many Nigerians including a sometime Chief Justice of the Federation, Alfa Belgore, a sometime Governor of Lagos State, Alhaji Lateef Jakande, the sometime Vice Chancellor of University of Lagos, Prof Oye Ibidapo Obe, the sometime Vice Chancellor of Obafemi Awolowo University Ile Ife, Prof Omole together with the electrical current Vice Chancellor of University of Ibadan, Prof Isaac Adewole.
Ijesa people drumming together with dancing at Iwude festival
Ijesa Tribal MarksThe Ijesas every bit a dominion receive got no distinctive marks ; they are mostly plain-faced ; about families, however, are distinguished yesteryear having on each cheek 5 or six horizontal lines. They are closely drawn, together with much longer than whatever Oyo mark,
Language
Ijesa people beak a Central Yoruba dialect (Yoruboid language) that belongs to the larger Niger-Congo linguistic communication group. Ijesa dialect is akin to the adjoining Yagba, Igbomina, Ifẹ, Ekiti, Akurẹ, Ẹfọn, together with Ijẹbu areas that are classified nether Central Yoruba dialects of the larger Yoruboid languages.
History
Ijesa history has a varied accounts based on myth together with historical accounts. According to the outset work organisation human relationship yesteryear Samuel Johnson the Ijesa people used to reside inwards Ile Ife prior to the reign of Sango. It is said that Ijesa people were "slaves were purchased together with located inwards the district of Ibokun ; at that topographic point they were tended every bit cattle, nether the attention of Owaju, together with from them selections were made from fourth dimension to fourth dimension for sacrificial purposes; therefore the term Ijesa from Ije Orisa (the nutrient of the gods)." Johnson (1921) posited farther that "they never offered whatever resistance to this system, therefore the saying "Ijesa Omo Owaju ti ife opo iyk " (Ijesas children of Owaju, dependent acre to much sufferings).
I personally believe this detail history accounts for large issue of Ijesa enslaved people of Ilesa getting shipped to slavery inwards South America especially Brazil, together with the Caribbeans.
Johnson (1921) recounted that "There is also a legend that when the nations began to disperse from Ile Ife together with members of the Royal Family were appointed kings together with rulers inwards various places, a immature together with brave scion of the theatre was appointed the outset Owa or manly someone monarch over the Ijesas, merely that he returned to the alafin together with complained that his territory was likewise small, together with his subjects few, the sire thereupon ordered a large packet of sticks to live brought to him, together with these sticks he converted into human beings for the Owa, inwards guild to growth the issue of his subjects. Hence to this 24-hour interval the Ijesas are oft termed yesteryear their neighbours " Qmo igi " (offspring of sticks !)"
Current historical work organisation human relationship based on Ijesa peoples ain tradition, which does non contradict Samuel Johnson`s work organisation human relationship assert that their direct ancestor was Owa Ajibogun or Owa (“King”) who was i of the sixteen sons of the deity Oduduwa. It is said that their nowadays urban center of Ilesa (Ilesha) inwards Osun State was "founded inwards c.1350 yesteryear Owaluse, a grandson of Ajibogun Ajaka (Ubiquitous Warrior) Owa Obokun Onida Arara, the most accomplished boy of Oduduwa, the progenitor of the Yoruba race of South-Western Nigeria together with Republic of Benin Republic." Ijesha, every bit a historic town is i of the oldest settlements inwards Yorubaland. Other tradition with the Ijesa themselves also traces the root of the Ijesas province to a younger boy of Oduduwa called Obokun (Owa's ancestor), inwards commemoration of an occasion on which he fetched body of body of water H2O to cure his father's blindness. Obokun together with so settled inwards what was to larn Ijesaland. He found, similar other founding heroes, pre-existing political structures including a confederacy of 5 towns inwards the Obokun area. Obokun himself is so fundamental to the Ijesas that they telephone phone themselves Omo Obokun (Children of Obokun)
Whatever live the illustration it tin live clearly seen that the ancestors of Ijesa people migrated from Ile ife to their nowadays location inwards Osun State. Ilesha traditions handgrip that the site of Ilesha was already occupied yesteryear scattered settlements of an aboriginal population, the most of import beingness identified with today's Okesa, the long street running west-east along Ilesha's spine, whose leader is regarded every bit the ancestor of Ogedengbe, The Obanla of Ijeshaland.
Ilesha became an of import together with major Yoruba armed services centre inwards the campaigns against Ibadan, threescore miles (97 km) west-Southwest inwards the 19th-century Yoruba civil wars. H5N1 leading fellow member of a confederacy known every bit the Ekitiparapo pregnant 'Ekiti together'. This combined forces of the Ijesa together with Ekiti was formed to struggle for the independence of their people.
In 1817 a long serial of civil wars began inwards the Oyo Empire inwards which hundreds of people died; they lasted until 1893 (when United Kingdom of Great Britain together with Northern Ireland intervened), yesteryear which fourth dimension the empire had disintegrated completely.
Modern Ilesha is a major collecting signal for the export of cocoa together with a traditional cultural centre for the Ilesha (Ijesha) branch of the Yoruba people. Palm fossil oil together with kernels, yams, cassava, corn (maize), pumpkins, cotton, together with kola nuts are collected for the local market. Local industries manufacture nails together with carpets, together with the town has a brewery; at that topographic point are also a recording companionship together with a publishing firm, together with the Supreme Oil manufacture at Ilesha. Several prominent quartzite ridges prevarication eastward of Ilesha, together with golden mining is an of import activity inwards the area, i.e The Iperindo Gold field.
Ilesha is a classic - though hardly a typical - illustration of that ethnographic celebrity, the Yoruba town: a large, nucleated short town that is the centre of a kingdom together with itself the primary residence of an overwhelmingly agricultural population. Even when it was largely derelict owing to war, inwards 1886, Ilesha's population was estimated to live betwixt 20,000 together with 25,000 together with a figure of upward to 40,000 may live appropriate for the superlative of its growth earlier the sack inwards 1870. Though this is non every bit large every bit the largest Oyo-Yoruba towns of the nineteenth century, its considerable size was non due,as theirs was, to real heavy recent immigration nether the touching on of the wars.
It was the recognition of the quest for the Ijesa to elevator upward themselves yesteryear their ain bootstraps that led to the institution of the Ijesa Improvement Society, the outset modern pan-Ijesa socio-cultural group, inwards 1922. It was at a fourth dimension when the Ijesa non alone had problems with their British colonial overlords merely also with their ain local direction nether the Owa Obokun who had since 1914 been constituted into a Sole Native Authority on the model of the Northern Nigeria Emirates, nether the Indirect Rule of System introduced yesteryear Sir Fredrick Lugard. This meant that the Ijesa had to ground non alone with a hostile unusual colonial ability merely with a despotic local direction supported yesteryear that unusual colonial power. In this sort of unpleasant political climate, the best assist was self help.
Yoruba chieftains inwards their traditional dress
The regulation of self help, which was elevated to a philosophy of activeness yesteryear the aggressively individualistic Ijesa inwards the inter-war years, was to assist the socio-economic evolution of Ijesaland together with to brand the Ijesa real cautious towards, if non totally suspicious of all governments live it local, regional or national inwards the post service state of war together with pre-independence era. This explains why the few commercial together with industrial establishments inwards Ijesaland today are owned largely yesteryear the Ijesa themselves. Indeed, with the exception of the recent Federal Government efforts to exploit the golden deposits at Itagunmodi together with Igun inwards Atakumosa Local Government area, at that topographic point are virtually no government-sponsored commercial together with industrial undertakings inwards the whole of Ijesaland."
HRM Oba (Dr) Adekunle Aromolaran, Owa-Obokun of Ijeshaland HRM, Oba (Dr) Adekunle Aromolaran, Owa-Obokun of Ijeshaland inwards his palace, awaiting the arrival of dignitaries
The Ilesa Monarchs
The province of Ilesa (Ile ti a sa which way a homeland nosotros chose), Traditional Headquarters of Ijesaland together with the majuscule of the outset Local Council inwards Nigeria (Ijesa/Ekiti Parapo Council) named yesteryear the British Colonial Administrator on 21 June 1900 comprising the nowadays 24-hour interval Ondo together with Ekiti States of Nigeria. F POPULATION: 310,000 There are 4 regal houses with which accession to the throne is supposed to live rotated: Biladu, Bilagbayo, Bilaro together with Bilayirere. Rulers receive got been every bit follows:
| Bilagbayo | ... - 17.. |
| Ori Abejoye | 17.. - ... |
| Bilajagodo "Arijelesin" | ... - ... |
| Bilatutu "Otutu bi Osin" | ... - ... |
| Bilasa "Asa abodofunfun" | ... - ... |
| Akesan | c.1800 |
| Bilajara | 1... - 1807 |
| Ogbagba | 1807–1813 |
| Obara "Bilajila" | 1813–1828 |
| Odundun | 1828–1833 |
| Gbegbaaje | 1833–1839 |
| Ariyasunle (1st time) -Regent | 1839 |
| Ofokutu | 1839–1853 |
| Ariyasunle (2nd time) -Regent | 1853 |
| Ponlose | 1853–1867 |
| Alobe | 1867–1869 |
| 4 Jun 1870 Agunlejika I | 1869 - |
| 1871 Vacant | 4 Jun 1870 - |
| Oweweniye (1st time) | 1871–1873 |
| Vacant | 1873 |
| Oweweniye (2nd time) | 1873–1875 |
| Sep 1892 Adimula Agunloye-bi-Oyinbo "Bepolonun" | 1875 - |
| Lowolodu | Mar 1893 - November 1894 |
| Vacant | Nov 1894 - April 1896 |
| Ajimoko I | Apr 1896 - Sep 1901 |
| Ataiyero [Atayero] | 1901–1920 |
| Aromolaran | 1920–1942 |
| Ajimoko "Haastrup" -Regent | 1942 - 10 Sep 1942 |
| Ajimoko II "Fidipote" | 10 Sep 1942 - xviii October 1956 |
| J. E. Awodiya -Regent | 18 October 1956 - 1957 |
| Biladu III "Fiwajoye" | 1957 - Jul 1963 |
| .... -Regent | Jul 1963 - 1966 |
| Agunlejika II | 1966–1981 |
| Oba Gabriel Adekunle Aromolaran II | 1982 - ? |
Deputy Governor State of Osun, Mrs Titi Laoye-Tomori; Governor, Ogbeni Rauf Aregbesola together with Owa Obokun of Ijesaland, Oba (Dr.) Gabriel Aromolaran, during the 2013 Iwude-Ijesha Festival, at Ereja Square, Ilesa, State of Osun on Sabbatum 28-12-2013
History of Yoruba people By Samuel Johnson
They resided at Ile Ife, i.e., prior to the reign of Sango. Human sacrifices were mutual inwards those days, together with inwards guild to receive got victims produce to hand, it is said that a issue of slaves were purchased
together with located inwards the district of Ibokun ; at that topographic point they were tended every bit cattle, nether the attention of Owaju, together with from them selections were made from fourth dimension to fourth dimension for sacrificial purposes ; therefore the term
Ijesa from Ije Orisa (the nutrient of the gods). They are described every bit stumpy, muscular, together with sheepish-looking, with a marked desire of tidings : they never offered whatever resistance to this system,
therefore the saying "Ijesa Omo Owaju ti ife opo iyk " (Ijesas children of Owaju, dependent acre to much sufferings). There is also a legend that when the nations began to disperse from Ile Ife together with members of the Royal Family were appointed kings together with rulers inwards various places, a immature together with brave scion of the theatre was appointed the outset Owa or manly someone monarch over the Ijesas, merely that he returned to the alafin together with complained that his territory was likewise small, together with his subjects few, the sire thereupon ordered a large packet of sticks to live brought to him, together with these sticks he converted into human beings for the Owa, inwards guild to growth the issue of his subjects. Hence to this 24-hour interval the Ijesas are oft termed yesteryear their neighbours " Qmo igi " (offspring of sticks !)
This, of course, is a pure myth invented yesteryear their to a greater extent than wily neighbours to work organisation human relationship for the notorious characteristics of the Ijesas generally, who are every bit proverbially deficient inwards wit every bit they are remarkably distinguished for animal strength.
But i fact holds goodness downward fifty-fifty to our days, viz., that upward to the recent full abolition of human sacrifice yesteryear the British Government (1893) the Ifes, who, far to a greater extent than than whatever other, were
addicted to the practice, e'er preferred for the operate to receive got an Ijesa victim to whatever other ; such sacrifices were considered to a greater extent than acceptable, the victims beingness the " nutrient of the gods."
This preference was the get of to a greater extent than than i threatened rupture betwixt the Ifes together with their Ijesa allies during the recent sixteen years' war, together with would sure enough receive got developed into opened upward fights, but
for the Ibadan regular army vis-d-vis threatening them both.
The other work organisation human relationship relates chiefly to the nowadays 24-hour interval Ijesas of Ilesa (the dwelling theatre of the gods) the principal town. According to this account, they hailed from the Ekitis ; or every bit about would to a greater extent than correctly receive got it, they were the Ijesas from the neighbourhood of Ibokun who outset migrated to Ipole close Ondo, together with thence dorsum to Ilesa. It appears that a custom together with so prevailed of going out hunting for their manly someone monarch 3 months inwards the year, together with on i such occasion they found game so plentiful inwards the neighbourhood of Ilesa, the chmate real agreeable, the province well-watered, together with the Ijesas at that topographic point extremely simple, peaceful, together with unwarhke (probably the remnants together with descendants of the old sacrificial victims) whilst at dwelling theatre they endured much oppression from their Owa, that they at that topographic point together with and so conceived together with carried out the persuasion of settling on the spot at once, making it their home, together with of reducing into subjection the aboriginal inhabitants.
These objects were easily plenty accomplished ; merely they spared the principal chief, a kindly old gentleman who had an extensive garden plantation. He was called " Oba Ila," i.e., Okra king,
from his Okra plantation, together with he was placed adjacent inwards rank to the principal of the marauders. That nickname is continued to the nowadays fourth dimension every bit a championship Oba'la^ together with is conferred on the most distinguished principal later on the Owa of Ilesa. It would appear together with so that although the term Ijesa is retained yesteryear the people of that district, together with those who are ignorant of the root of the term convey about pride inwards it, yet it is evident that the nowadays inhabitants are non all of them the descendants of the aboriginal settlers, the " nutrient of the gods," merely are largely from the Ekitis yesteryear admixture ; the pure type Ijesas are immediately together with over again met with at Ilesa together with neighbourhood.
This fact is farther shown yesteryear the desire of homogeneity with the principal chiefs of Ilesa at the nowadays day, for when the town was growing, the settlers did cast almost for assist ; they sought for
wiser heads to assist them inwards the edifice upward together with the direction of their country, e.g., from the Oyos or Yorubas Proper they had the Odgle from Irehe, the Esawe from Ora, the Saloro from Oyo (the ancient city), together with the Sorundi also from the same urban center — all these came with a large issue of followers ; from the Ondos, the 'Loro, together with the Salosi from I jama inwards the Ondo district ; from the
Ekitis, the Arapate from Ara, the Lejoka from Itaje ; together with lastly, the Ogboni from the white cap chiefs of Lagos, the alone i privileged to receive got on his headgear inwards the presence of the Owa. The Owa himself is every bit nosotros receive got seen, a junior fellow member of the regal theatre of Oyo.
It is also said that when the town of Ilesa was to live set out a special messenger was sent to the alafin to inquire for the assist of i of the princes to lay out the town on the same innovation every bit the ancient urban center of Oyo. That prince ruled for about years at Ilesa.
source:https://archive.org/stream/historyofyorubas00john/historyofyorubas00john_djvu.txt
http://www.jpanafrican.com/docs/vol3no5/3.5-3newRhythms.pdf
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